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college > Physiology - Packman > Flashcards

Physiology - Packman Flashcards

1
Q

Mucous Neck Cells

A

produce mucous and bicarbonate

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2
Q

Parietal/Oxcytinc cells

A

produce HCL/gastric acid and intrinsic factor

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3
Q

Intrinsic factor

A

secreted from stomach and necessary for VIt B12 absorption

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4
Q

Enterochromaffin-like cells

A

produce histamines

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5
Q

Histamines

A

stimulate production of HCL/gastric acid, liberated by gastrin and PS system

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6
Q

Chief/zymogenic cells

A

produce pepsinogen/proteolytic enzyme and gastric lipase

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7
Q

Pepsinogen

A

produced as an inactive zymogen, activated in presence of HCL to become pepsin

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8
Q

D cells

A

produce hormone somatostatin

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9
Q

Somatostatin

A

secreted when acid is present in stomach, inhibits gastric acid secretion - how we control secretion of too much acid

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10
Q

G cells

A

produce gastrin, released by gastrin releasing factor

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11
Q

Gastrin

A

stimulates production of HCL, increases peristalsis, vasodilator; relaxes pyloric sphincter

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12
Q

Pyloric glands

A

globet cells, produce mucus and gastrin

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13
Q

Gastrin, histamine, ACH

A

stimulate HCL production

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14
Q

H2 receptor

A

on parietal cells, histamine binds to stimulate gastric secretion and HCL; H2 blockers - Zantac - inhibit HCL formation

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15
Q

Gastric Juice contains

A

HCL, Pepsin, AMylase, Gelatinase, Tribulyrase, Rennin - infants

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16
Q

Ghrelin

A

hormone released from mucosa of stomach, stimulates CNS -inc appetite, CCK increases satiety

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17
Q

Digestion of milk

A

casein –> rennin –> paracasein + Ca

18
Q

proton pump inhibitors

A

reduce HCL production, parietal cells secrete HCL into lumen, inhibit the K/H ATPase pump

19
Q

Zollinger-Ellison Synddrom

A

tumors increase gastrin release –> inc HCL –> Ulcers and GERD

20
Q

Ulcers

A

break in even continuity of tissue, peptic ulcers - ulcer comes in contact with gastric juice

21
Q

Intrinsic/Engdogenous resons for ulcers

A

1) Excess/inc HCL - will inc pepsin
2) decrease mucus
3) decrease in mucus resistance
4) helicobactor pylori

22
Q

Extrinsic/exogenous factors for ulcers

A

1)NSAIDS
2)Alcohol
3)Smoking
both inc HCL and pepsin
4)Stress

23
Q

Celiacs Disease

A

child, cells and galnds of stomach become flattened and can’t effectively digest food and electroylyte absorption in intestinses is diminishes; sensitive to gluten; outgrows

24
Q

Non-tropical sprue

A

adult; cells and glands in stomach and intestine become flat and is sensitive to gluten and wheat; autoimmune

25
Q

carbonic anhydrase

A

provides H+ for HCL production

26
Q

VIP

A

inhibits pyloric sphincter from opening, prevents rush of food

27
Q

Crypt of leiberkuhn

A

goblet cells produce mucus and paneth cells produce enzymes; in intestine

28
Q

CCK

A

inhibits motility in stomach, inhibits gastric secretion; inhibits pyloric sphincter; stimulates pancrease secretion rich in enzymes; contracts gallbladder and relaxes sphincter of oddi to release bile into small intestine

29
Q

Secretin

A

inhibits motility in stomach, inhibits gastric secretion; acid -> prosecretin +HCL –> secretin; stimulates pancrease to release alkaline material - bicarbonate; neutralizes acid

30
Q

GIP

A

inhibits material in gastric secretion - inhibits motility in stomach, inhibits gastric secretion

31
Q

Somatostatin

A

decreases motility, decrease gastric juice production

32
Q

LIver bile secretion

A

bile –> hepatic duct –> gallbladder –> vestibule /ampulla of vater –> sphincter of oddi

33
Q

Islets of Langerhans

A

pancreas, endocrine

34
Q

Trypsinogen

A

enerokinase converts to trypsin; pancreas enzyme; attacks proteins

35
Q

Chymotrypsinogen

A

activated by trypsin to chymotrypsin; attacks proteins; pancreas enzyme

36
Q

Procarbaxypolypepidase

A

activated by trypsin, attacks proteins, pancreas enzyme

37
Q

Enzymes of Pancreas

A

release is stimulated by CCK

38
Q

Enzymes of Small intestine

A

secretions occur in crypt of leiberkuhn;

39
Q

gallstones

A

calcium phosphate

40
Q

Enterocrinin

A

intestinal enzymes, causes release of enzymes from the small intestine

college (22 decks)

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