Physiology 5 Flashcards
what part of the nephron generates a cortico-medullary solute concentration gradient
the loop of henle
the loop of henle allows the formation of a _____tonic urine
the loop of henle allows the formation of a HYPERtonic urine
opposing flow in the two limbs is termed _______________ flow
opposing flow in the two limbs is termed COUNTERCURRENT flow
the entire loop of henle functions as a countercurrent ____________
the entire loop of henle functions as a countercurrent MULTIPLIER
what 2 things are reabsorbed in the AL?
Na and Cl
what is the AL impermeable to?
water - little or no water follows salt reabsorption
what is the DL permeable to? and what does it not reabsorb?
doesn’t reabsorb NaCl
permeable to water
permeabilities:
DL -
AL -
DL - water and no salt
AL - salt and no water
Na+ and Cl- are reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb, but this region is _____________ to water
Na+ and Cl- are reabsorbed in the thick ascending limb, but this region is IMPERMEABLE to water
what do loop diuretics block?
the triple transporter
when salt is reabsorbed, what is recycled?
K+
where is the triple transporter located?
thick AL
the fluid is ____osmotic leaving the proximal tubule
the fluid is ____osmotic entering the distal tubule
the fluid is ISOSMOTIC leaving the proximal tubule
the fluid is HYPOSMOTIC entering the distal tubule
what also adds solute to the interstitium?
urea
what runs alongside the long loop of Henle of juxtamedullary nephrons?
vasa recta
what 2 things form the countercurrent system?
loop of henle and vasa recta
the high medullary osmolarity allows the production of _____tonic urine in the presence of ___
the high medullary osmolarity allows the production of HYPERTONIC urine in the presence of ADH
water leaves the descending limb by what?
osmosis
what is the purpose of countercurrent multiplication?
to concentrate the medullary interstitial fluid
__% of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is filtered
20% of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is filtered
