Physiology 2

Question 1

Avascular Cellular Sheets Which Cover Or Line body parts are known as

Answer 1

epithelum

Question 2

epithelium forms specialized receptor of sensory organs, give 3 examples

Answer 2

1. rods of cones of the retina 2. olfactory cells 3. tast buds (see, smell and taste)

Question 3

name the type and location of the protective epithelium

Answer 3

tpe: stratified squamous location: 1. oral cavity, pharynx, esophagus, anal canal

Question 4

name the type and location of the secretory epithelium

Answer 4

tpe: simple columnar, orangized in pits location: stomach

Question 5

name the type and location of the absorptive epithelium

Answer 5

tpe: columar epithial cells, microvilli on apical surface location: small intestine

Question 6

name the type and location of the absorptive/ protective epithelium

Answer 6

tpe: columar with striated border, sloughed and replaced every 6 days location: large intestine

Question 7

quantify the amount of fluid secreted into feces

Answer 7

100-200 mL

Question 8

98% of fluid is reabsorbed by (which one is predominant)

Answer 8

small intestine (predominant) and colon

Question 9

transport across tight junctions is called

Answer 9

paracellular transport

Question 10

seals cells together in an epithelial sheet to prevent leakage of molecules between them, name the junctional complex

Answer 10

tight junction

Question 11

joins actin bundle in one ccell to a similar bundle in a neighboring cell, name the junctional complex

Answer 11

adherens junction

Question 12

joins the intermediate filaments in one cell to the neighboring cell, name the junctional complex

Answer 12

desmosome

Question 13

allows the passage of small water soluble ions and molecules, name the junctional complex

Answer 13

gap junction

Question 14

anchors intermediate filaments in a cell to the basal lamina, name the juncttional complex

Answer 14

hemidesmosome

Question 15

name the two active pumps in the transcellular pathway

Answer 15

Na/K, H/K pumps

Question 16

electrogenic sodium absorption, name the transcellular pathway

Answer 16

Na channel

Question 17

name the two trancellular pathways responsible for Cl secretion and only Cl-

Answer 17

Cl channel, Na K Cl cotransporter

Question 18

tight junctions allow the movement of

Answer 18

water and oppositely charged ions only

Question 19

bicarb secretion occurs in the ________and a decreased in bicarb secretion results in

Answer 19

proximal duodenum, duodenal ulcer

Question 20

decreased nutrient absorption results in a pathological state known as

Answer 20

infectious or other secreotry diarrhea

Question 21

excessive Cl and HCO3 secretion results in

Answer 21

infectious or other secreotry diarrhea

Question 22

decreased Na absorption leads to

Answer 22

secretory diarrhea

Question 23

decreased NaCl absorption leads to

Answer 23

infectious/ secretory diarrhea

Question 24

which occurs first in intestinal absorption. Absorption of water or solute

Answer 24

soluuuuute (SALUTE to solute)

Question 25

net absorption of NaCl takes places in the _________

Answer 25

iluem

Question 26

net absorption of NaHCO3 occurs in the

Answer 26

jejunum

Question 27

what are the hormonal effectors that control gastric secretion by parietal cells

Answer 27

histamine, gastrin

Question 28

the vagus nerve affects the pariteal cell through stimulation and release of which neurotransmitter

Answer 28

Ach

Question 29

The epithelial cells lining the intestinal __________secrete fluid and electrolutes

Answer 29

crypts

Question 30

the tihgt junction in the pancreatic duct cell allows the secretion of which ion

Answer 30

Na

Question 31

where does NaHCO3 secretion occur

Answer 31

pancreatic duct cell

Question 32

the bicarb Cl antiporter is present on the ____side in the ilum

Answer 32

lumenal/ apical

Question 33

the hco3 AND CL antiporter is present on the ______side in the pariteal cells

Answer 33

blood/basolateral

Question 34

cholera affects the cAMP by

Answer 34

increasing it, thus leading to prologe NaCl secretion

Question 35

name a pathogen that behaves similarly to cholera

Answer 35

E coli