Gastrointestinal infections Flashcards
leading cause of childhood death
diarrheal diseases
first thing that comes to mind person - person transmiision ex. Daycare
shigella
first thing comes to mind with antibiotics/chemo
C diffucile
first think comes to mind with mayo & cream
staph
first thing comes to mind with eggs
Salmonella
first thing comes to mind with beef
shiga-toxin produced by E coli
first thing comes to mind w/ piltry
campylobacter
first thing comes to mind with seafood
vibrio
first thinf in mind in foodborne outbreak
Salmonella
pt developed symp lasting less than 6H, think of
preformed toxins of 1. Staph A 2. B cereus
pt developed symp lasting less than 24H, think of
preformed toxins 1. B cereus 2. C perfringens
what kind of preformed toxin do u think about if the pt developed symp lasting 72 h
think about the live pathogen not the toxins atm
how do u test for toxins
stool micriscipy/culutre
what are the pathogens that have an infectious dose of 10^1-2
Shigeela, giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytics
what are pathogens that have an infectious dose of 10^8
E coli, vibrio choleria
neurotoxins are produced by the following
Staph A, B cereus, C perfringens
Enterotoxins are produced by the following
Aeromonas, enterotix E coli, vibrio cholera
cytotoxins are produced by the following
C diffcile, e Coli 0157:H7 (hasat a5o 90210)
4 organisms that enteroadherenet
cryptosporidiosis, enteroadherent and enteropathogenic E coli, Helminths, Giardiasis
minimal mucosal invasion
norwalk virus, rota virus
variable musocal invasion
Salmonella, Campylobacter
severe mucosal invasion
entamoeba histolytica, enteroinvasive E coile, shigella
which is more severe, salmonella or shigella
shigella
watery, pain mid abdominal, state the location of diarrhea
small bowel
pain in large bowel diarrhea is
left lower quadrant
fecal leukocytes
shigellosis, Enteroinvasive E coil, C difficule, Ulceratic/ischemic colitis
persistant diarrhea >2 weekks
think parasitic: Giardi lamblia, Cryptospsoridum parvum, if immune compromized think: microsporidium, mycobacterium avium, CMV
fever, headahce, myalgia then abdominal pain + bloody diarrhea, whats the pathogen invovled, and how is it aquired
campylobacter jejuni, poultry, contaminated water/food
quantify the amount of Guillain-Barre associated with Campylobater, and when does it occur
1-3 weeks after diarrhea, 20-40% of GBS
Describe the paralysis seen in pts with GBS
ascending paralysis; starts at lower extremitis and moves up
aquired through eating eggs and exposure to pet reptiles
salmonella
untreated salmonella lasts
4-10 days
incubation period for typhoid fever
7-14 days
severe nonspecific febrile illness, diffuse abdominal pain, tenderness
typhoid fever
monocytic infilration inflames peyer patchs and narrows the bowel lumen leading to constipation
typhoid fever
rose sports, salmon colored, blancing, truncal maculopapules, when do these symptoms occur in typhoid fever
end of the first week
abdomen distended, soft spleomaglay, relative bradycardia, when do these symptoms occur in typhoid fever
second weekw
pt is anoresix, significant weight loss w/ pulomary and CNS manifestations, when do these symptoms manifest in typhoid fever
3rd week
pt with biliary tract disease and gallstones, what do you suspect
salmonella carrier state
when do the symptoms of shigellosis develop
12H after ingestion
fever, abdominal pain, tenesmus, bloody diarrhea
shigellosis
which type of shigella is associated with HUS
S. dysenteriae
why is treatment recommended in shigella
prevent secondary spread tp contacts
E coli that presents with watery diarrhea/ itÕs the most common cause of travelers diarrhea
enterotoxigenic
diarrhea in infants in developing countries, state the type of E coli
enteropathogenic
dysentry with blood + mucus, state the type of E coli
enteroinvasive
copious bloody diarrhea, HUS in kids, TTP in adults, state the type of Ecoil
enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7
whats the most common strain of E coli in developed countires
enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7
associated with petting zoo, transmitted by beed
enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7
infectious dose of 0157:H7
100 bacteria bitch
name the toxin that 0157:H7 releases
shiga toxin
related to antibiotic clindamycin, toxins A and B, nosocomial transmission, state the pathology associated with this disease
pseuodmembranous colotis, yellow-white plaques (C.difficle)
complication of C difficle
toxic megacolon
new epidemic strain of C difficle attributed for 17% of mortality
B1/NAP1
treatment for toxic megacolon
surgical resection of that part of colon
cooked pork, unpasteurized milk, where do u espect the pain to be, what kind of skin lesions manifest?
right lower quadrant, erythema nodosum (yersinia enterocolitica)
whats the triad for mesentric adenitis, whats its other name
fever, RLQ pain, leukocytosis, terminal ileitis
seafood/ raw shellfish, produces enterotoxin and inflammatory rx, halophilic, state the agar needed to grow this type of pathogen, and state its name
vibrio parahemolyticus, TCBS agar
extra intestinal, speticemia, raw oyster ingestion, cellulitis after exposure of wounds to salt water
vibrio vulnificus
watery diarrhea, dehydration; associated with residence in endemic areas, serotype of V cholera is
1
diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting, blood in stool; often associated with travelerÕs diarrhea, serotype of V cholera is
non-01
summer, cellulitis in wounds exposed to fresh water
aeromonas hydrophilia
flask shaped ulcers, liver abscesses, state the order of involvement of this pathogen
pathogen: Entamoeba histolytica, order of invovlement: cecum, ascending colon, rectum, sigmoid
campers wo donÕt sterilize emountain stream water, homosexuals brih, suspected in prolonged diarrhea, presents with belching and weight loss
Giardia lamblia
symptoms of giardia lamblia resolve in
4-6 weeks
sever intractable diarrhea in AIDS pt
cryptosporidium parvum
nursing homes, winter, state whther this ia s DNA/RNA virus and how can this be demonstrated
DNA, ELISA (rota virus)
norovius, when does it present, and how can it be demonstrated
throughout the year, immune electron microscopy or radioimmunoassay
no fever, symptoms last less than 24 hours, potato salad/ice cream
staphlococcal food posioning
