Gastrointestinal infections Flashcards by Waad Ab

leading cause of childhood death

diarrheal diseases

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first thing that comes to mind person - person transmiision ex. Daycare

shigella

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first thing comes to mind with antibiotics/chemo

C diffucile

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first think comes to mind with mayo & cream

staph

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first thing comes to mind with eggs

Salmonella

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first thing comes to mind with beef

shiga-toxin produced by E coli

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first thing comes to mind w/ piltry

campylobacter

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first thing comes to mind with seafood

vibrio

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first thinf in mind in foodborne outbreak

Salmonella

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pt developed symp lasting less than 6H, think of

preformed toxins of 1. Staph A 2. B cereus

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pt developed symp lasting less than 24H, think of

preformed toxins 1. B cereus 2. C perfringens

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what kind of preformed toxin do u think about if the pt developed symp lasting 72 h

think about the live pathogen not the toxins atm

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how do u test for toxins

stool micriscipy/culutre

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what are the pathogens that have an infectious dose of 10^1-2

Shigeela, giardia lamblia, entamoeba histolytics

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what are pathogens that have an infectious dose of 10^8

E coli, vibrio choleria

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neurotoxins are produced by the following

Staph A, B cereus, C perfringens

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Enterotoxins are produced by the following

Aeromonas, enterotix E coli, vibrio cholera

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cytotoxins are produced by the following

C diffcile, e Coli 0157:H7 (hasat a5o 90210)

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4 organisms that enteroadherenet

cryptosporidiosis, enteroadherent and enteropathogenic E coli, Helminths, Giardiasis

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minimal mucosal invasion

norwalk virus, rota virus

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variable musocal invasion

Salmonella, Campylobacter

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severe mucosal invasion

entamoeba histolytica, enteroinvasive E coile, shigella

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which is more severe, salmonella or shigella

shigella

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watery, pain mid abdominal, state the location of diarrhea

small bowel

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pain in large bowel diarrhea is

left lower quadrant

fecal leukocytes

shigellosis, Enteroinvasive E coil, C difficule, Ulceratic/ischemic colitis

persistant diarrhea >2 weekks

think parasitic: Giardi lamblia, Cryptospsoridum parvum, if immune compromized think: microsporidium, mycobacterium avium, CMV

fever, headahce, myalgia then abdominal pain + bloody diarrhea, whats the pathogen invovled, and how is it aquired

campylobacter jejuni, poultry, contaminated water/food

quantify the amount of Guillain-Barre associated with Campylobater, and when does it occur

1-3 weeks after diarrhea, 20-40% of GBS

Describe the paralysis seen in pts with GBS

ascending paralysis; starts at lower extremitis and moves up

aquired through eating eggs and exposure to pet reptiles

salmonella

untreated salmonella lasts

4-10 days

incubation period for typhoid fever

7-14 days

severe nonspecific febrile illness, diffuse abdominal pain, tenderness

typhoid fever

monocytic infilration inflames peyer patchs and narrows the bowel lumen leading to constipation

typhoid fever

rose sports, salmon colored, blancing, truncal maculopapules, when do these symptoms occur in typhoid fever

end of the first week

abdomen distended, soft spleomaglay, relative bradycardia, when do these symptoms occur in typhoid fever

second weekw

pt is anoresix, significant weight loss w/ pulomary and CNS manifestations, when do these symptoms manifest in typhoid fever

3rd week

pt with biliary tract disease and gallstones, what do you suspect

salmonella carrier state

when do the symptoms of shigellosis develop

12H after ingestion

fever, abdominal pain, tenesmus, bloody diarrhea

shigellosis

which type of shigella is associated with HUS

S. dysenteriae

why is treatment recommended in shigella

prevent secondary spread tp contacts

E coli that presents with watery diarrhea/ itÕs the most common cause of travelers diarrhea

enterotoxigenic

diarrhea in infants in developing countries, state the type of E coli

enteropathogenic

dysentry with blood + mucus, state the type of E coli

enteroinvasive

copious bloody diarrhea, HUS in kids, TTP in adults, state the type of Ecoil

enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7

whats the most common strain of E coli in developed countires

enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7

associated with petting zoo, transmitted by beed

enterohemorrhagic, 0157:H7

infectious dose of 0157:H7

100 bacteria bitch

name the toxin that 0157:H7 releases

shiga toxin

related to antibiotic clindamycin, toxins A and B, nosocomial transmission, state the pathology associated with this disease

pseuodmembranous colotis, yellow-white plaques (C.difficle)

complication of C difficle

toxic megacolon

new epidemic strain of C difficle attributed for 17% of mortality

B1/NAP1

treatment for toxic megacolon

surgical resection of that part of colon

cooked pork, unpasteurized milk, where do u espect the pain to be, what kind of skin lesions manifest?

right lower quadrant, erythema nodosum (yersinia enterocolitica)

whats the triad for mesentric adenitis, whats its other name

fever, RLQ pain, leukocytosis, terminal ileitis

seafood/ raw shellfish, produces enterotoxin and inflammatory rx, halophilic, state the agar needed to grow this type of pathogen, and state its name

vibrio parahemolyticus, TCBS agar

extra intestinal, speticemia, raw oyster ingestion, cellulitis after exposure of wounds to salt water

vibrio vulnificus

watery diarrhea, dehydration; associated with residence in endemic areas, serotype of V cholera is

diarrhea, fever, nausea, vomiting, blood in stool; often associated with travelerÕs diarrhea, serotype of V cholera is

non-01

summer, cellulitis in wounds exposed to fresh water

aeromonas hydrophilia

flask shaped ulcers, liver abscesses, state the order of involvement of this pathogen

pathogen: Entamoeba histolytica, order of invovlement: cecum, ascending colon, rectum, sigmoid

campers wo donÕt sterilize emountain stream water, homosexuals brih, suspected in prolonged diarrhea, presents with belching and weight loss

Giardia lamblia

symptoms of giardia lamblia resolve in

4-6 weeks

sever intractable diarrhea in AIDS pt

cryptosporidium parvum

nursing homes, winter, state whther this ia s DNA/RNA virus and how can this be demonstrated

DNA, ELISA (rota virus)

norovius, when does it present, and how can it be demonstrated

throughout the year, immune electron microscopy or radioimmunoassay

no fever, symptoms last less than 24 hours, potato salad/ice cream

staphlococcal food posioning