Physiology 1 Flashcards
Glucose and amino acids use what type of diffusion?
Facilitated
TQ: What type of neuron transmits an action potential the fastest?
Large, myelinated neuron
TQ: Saltatory conduction is characteristic of which part of a typical neuron?
Axon
TQ: How much more compliant are veins than arteries?
24 times
TQ: What is the mean circulatory filling pressure when the blood volume is 4L and 5L, respectively?
4L = 0 5L = 7 mmHg
TQ: What cells reabsorb Na+ and H2O and secrete K+?
Principal cells
TQ: What cells reabsorb K+ and secrete H+?
Intercalated cells
TQ: Phosphate buffer system plays a major role in buffering _____ and intracellular fluids.
Renal tubular fluid
TQ: What establishes the ramp signal during normal breathing?
Dorsal respiratory group
TQ: What mainly controls the rate and depth of breathing in the pontine respiratory group?
Pneumotaxic center
What respiratory group is associated with internal intercostals and other muscles used for forced expiration?
Ventral respiratory group
In a slow action potential, what is the upstroke due to?
Ca++
Lead 1 has two electrodes on two arms and a direction of _____˚.
0˚
Lead 2 has electrodes on the right arm and left leg and a direction of _____˚.
60˚
Lead 3 has electrodes on the left arm and left leg and a direction of _____˚.
120˚
_____% of blood is in the veins, _____% is in the arteries, and _____% is in the arterioles and capillaries.
Veins: 64%
Arteries: 13%
Capillaries: 7%
Veins are about _____ times more distensible than arteries.
8 times
What are the two major problems of left heart failure?
Pulmonary vascular congestion
Pulmonary edema
What is the daily glomerular filtration rate?
180 L/day
What has the greatest effect on increasing glomerular filtration rate?
Glomerular hydrostatic pressure
T/F: The thick, ascending segment of the loop of henle is permeable to water.
False, impermeable
The distal tubule is impermeable to _____ and _____.
Water and urea
T/F: High ADH levels causes more water to be reabsorbed from the lumen into the tubule.
True
Absence of aldosterone causes _____ disease while hypersecretion causes _____ syndrome.
Addison’s disease
Conn’s syndrome
T/F: Angiotensin II returns BP and extracellular volume toward normal by decreasing Na+ and H2O reabsorption.
False, increasing reabsorption
Increased ventilation is due to _____ while decreased ventilation is due to _____.
Metabolic Acidosis
Metabolic Alkalosis
What functions to limit lung expansion?
Apneustic center
