Embryology

Question 1

T/F: Corona radiata is penetrated before the Zona pellucida.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

What is the major enzyme in the acrosome used to break down the matrix between corona radiata cells?

Answer 2

Hyaluronidase

Question 3

What serine proteinase is the most important enzyme involved in penetration of the zona pellucida?

Answer 3

Acrosin

Question 4

What are 2 major examples of homeobox-containing genes?

Answer 4

Hox and Shh

Question 5

If there is an error in the cranio-caudal segmentation of development, it is due to an error in what type of gene?

Answer 5

Hox gene

Question 6

What cells undergo shape changes due to microfilaments during gastrulation to make a bulge in the cytoplasm?

Answer 6

Bottle cells

Question 7

Wnt-1 & FGF-8 are involved with which neural tube organizing segment?

Answer 7

Isthmic organizer

Question 8

Shh & FGF-8 are involved with which neural tube organizing segment?

Answer 8

Anterior neural ridge

Question 9

Shh is involved with which neural tube organizing segment?

Answer 9

Zona limitans

Question 10

What extraembryonic tissues make up the fetal-maternal interface?

Answer 10

Placenta and chorion

Question 11

Oocytes resume meiosis until _____ _____ after puberty.

Answer 11

Second metaphase

Question 12

What is the term for uterine glands providing food for fetus during the first trimester?

Answer 12

Histiotrophic nutrition

Question 13

What part of the allantois is associated with the formation of the urinary bladder?

Answer 13

Urachus

Question 14

What signifies the tertiary villous stage of placental development?

Answer 14

Blood vessels

Question 15

An example of defective fields in developmental disturbances is _____.

Answer 15

Sirenomeila

Question 16

What is the term for absence of normal cell death?

Answer 16

Syndactyly

Question 17

What are the occipital-cervical, cervical-thoracic, and attached-floating rib boundaries in Hox gene development?

Answer 17

Occipital-cervical: Hox3
Cervical-thoracic: Hox6
Attached-floating: Hox9

Question 18

The formation of sarcomeres is a characterization of what skeletal muscle tissue?

Answer 18

Myotubes

Question 19

In neural tube proliferation, mitosis occurs on the _____ side and DNA replication occurs on the _____ side.

Answer 19

Luminal

External limiting membrane

Question 20

Transplanted thoracic neural crest cells in the head region cannot form _____ or _____ elements.

Answer 20

Cartilage or skeletal

Question 21

What is the main component of the lower jaw and includes the malleus and incus?

Answer 21

Meckel’s cartilage (1st pharyngeal arch, CN V)

Question 22

The stapes is associated with what cartilage?

Answer 22

Reichert’s cartilage

Question 23

The external auditory meatus comes from the _____.

Answer 23

1st pharyngeal groove

Question 24

The cervical sinus comes from the _____.

Answer 24

2nd & 3rd pharyngeal grooves

Question 25

What is the first kidney to develop?

Answer 25

Pronephric kidney

Question 26

T/F: The pronephric duct will be renamed the mesonephric duct.

Answer 26

True

Question 27

What is the functional kidney in most vertebrate embryos?

Answer 27

Mesonephros

Question 28

T/F: SRY gene causes Sertoli cells to secrete Mullerian inhibitory factor.

Answer 28

True

Question 29

What pair of aortic arches form the internal carotids?

Answer 29

3rd pair

Question 30

What pair of aortic arches form the “true” aortic arch?

Answer 30

Left 4th arch

Question 31

The foramen ovale is formed within the _____ _____.

Answer 31

Septum secundum