Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Comprehensive Review > Molecular: Theisen > Flashcards

Molecular: Theisen Flashcards

1
Q

Explain Ras and Raf in relation to receptor tyrosine kinase

A

Ras binds to Raf and initiates MAP kinase pathway

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the shape and building blocks of Actin Filaments

A

two stranded helical polymers of the protein actin. Subunits are g-acting vs F-actin (assembled)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the shape and building block of microtubules

A

long hollow cylinder (long and straight)made of tubulin subunits that are compact and tubular.More rigid than actin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Where are the attachment points for microtubules?

A

have one end attached to a single microtubule-organizing center called a centrosome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

explain catastrophe in dynamic instability

A

if nucleotide hydrolysis proceeds more rapidly than subunit addition, the cap is lost and the microtubule begins to shrink.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

explain rescue in dynamic instability

A

GTP-containing subunits may still add to the shrinking end, if enough add to form a cap then microtubule growth resumes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Explain the shape of intermediate filaments.

A

rope like.made of smaller intermediate filament proteins.extend across the cytoplasm to provide mechanical support

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are intermediate filaments that anchor at the site of cell-cell contact called?

A

desmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are intermediate filaments that anchor at the site of cell-matrix contacts called?

A

hemidesmosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does the ARP complex do?

A

nucleates assembly to form a web and remains associated with the minus end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is cofilins role?

A

binds ADP-actin filaments, accelerating dissasembly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does gamma-TuRC do for microtubule filaments

A

nucleates assembly and remains associated with the minus end.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a nonclassical cadherins

A

desmosomes: connects intermediate filaments in one cell to those in the next cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is a classical cadherin

A

adherens junction: connects actin filament bundle in one cell with that in the next.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the two main tight junction proteins?

A

Claudin & occludin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

T/F glucose can pass through Gap junctions?

A

TRUE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

what are connexons made up of?

A

6 connexin protein subunits.

18
Q

The basal lamina is primarily made up of what two proteins?

A

Laminin and Type IV collagen

19
Q

What are Keratan, chondroitin sulfate, and other proteins linked by in proteoglycans?

A

hyaluronic acid

20
Q

Where does hydroxylation of collagen happen?

A

in the ER

21
Q

What are the two hydroxylases responsible for scurvy and Ehledrs-Danlos VI?

A

Prolyl/Lysyl

22
Q

Which technique would be used to separate proteins?

A

SDS Page

23
Q

Which technique would be used to identify unknown protien?

A

Mass Spec

24
Q

Which technique uses a detecting antibody?

A

Western Blot

25
Q

Which technique would be used to analyze proteins in solution?

A

NMR

26
Q

What ELISA would be used for a HIV test?

A

Indirect ELISA

27
Q

When analyzing DNA why do you only need a charged agarose gel?

A

because DNA is already charged.

28
Q

Which stain is the most common for looking at tissues for pathological observations?

A

H&E Stain

29
Q

Why is the mitochondrial DNA more susceptible to damage than somatic DNA?

A

It doesn’t have any DNA repair mechanisms

30
Q

In the mitochondria what does the ROS increase with?

A

age

31
Q

Which layer of the epidermis contains stem cells?

A

basal layer

32
Q

Stem cells present in what help reconstruction and gives rise to hair follicle and into follicular epidermis?

A

Bulge

33
Q

What is an odorant receptor protein (olfactory receptor) and example of?

A

A type of G protein coupled receptor

34
Q

Define Totipotency

A

ability of a cell to give rise to all cell of an organism, including placenta. ex. a zygote.

35
Q

Define pluripotency

A

ability of a cell to give rise to all cells of the embryo and subsequently adult tissues

36
Q

define multipotency

A

ability of a cell to give rise to different cell types of a given lineage (adult stem cells)

37
Q

What cells give rise to transit amplifying cells?

A

Founder stem cells (they have self renewal)

38
Q

What is the immortal strand hypothesis?

A

Maintaining integrity of the genome

39
Q

explain the 5 steps of the SCNT procedure

A
  1. Remove nucleus from egg2. fuse with any somatic cell3. stimulate cell division process4. extract inner cell mass (pluripotent)5. Culture pluripotent embryonic stem cells.
40
Q

explain the 5 steps of using IPS cells as a model for human disease

A
  1. Take somatic cell from donor/patient2. use specific chemical to turn somatic cell into a disease specific IPSC line that mimimics the donor’s disease.3. Re-differentiation/phenotypic reporgramming to create purified cells of defined lineage. 4. drug screening/toxicity testing.5. development of therapies and cures.

Comprehensive Review (11 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions