Physics Equations Flashcards by Katherine K

Photon energy

E=hf=hc/(wavelength)

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Venturi effect

Oxygen pressure is the sum of the oxygen static pressure P and the oxygen flow pressure (density x volume-squared/2)

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Acceleration

velocity/time with changing direction

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Uniform motion - find a

d=1/2(v0+v)t

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Uniform motion - find d

v=v0+at

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Uniform motion - find v

d=v0t+1/2at2

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Uniform motion - find v0

d=vt-1/2at2

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Uniform motion - find t

v2=v02+2ad

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Gravitational acceleration

10m/s2

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Projectile motion - horizontal displacement

x=v0t

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Projectile motion - vertical displacement

y=v0t+1/2(-g)t2

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Projectile motion - horizontal velocity

vx=v0 (constant)

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Projectile motion - vertical velocity

vy=v0+(-g)t

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Projectile motion - horizontal acceleration

ax=0

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Projectile motion - vertical acceleration

ay=-g

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Newton’s Second Law

Fnet=ma

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Newton’s Law of Gravitation

Fgrav=G(M1M2/r2)

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Gravitational Acceleration

g=G(M1/r2)

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Kinetic Friction

Ff= μk F(normal)

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Static Friction

Ff= μs F(normal)

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Parallel Force due to Gravity

F=mgsinΘ

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Perpendicular Force due to Gravity

F=mgcosΘ

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Center of Mass for Point Masses

X=(m1x1)+(m2x2)+(…)/m1+m2+m3

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Centripetal Acceleration

a=v2/r

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Centripetal Force

F=ma=mv2/r

Torque

τ=rFsinΘ

Work

W=FdcosΘ

Power

W/t

Kinetic Energy

KE=1/2mv2

Work-Energy Theorem

W=ΔKE

Potential Energy

PE=mgh

Total Mechanical Energy

E=KE+PE=1/2mv2

Mechanical Advantage

MA=F(resistance)/F(effort)

Momentum

p=mv

Impulse

J=Δp=Δmv=FΔt

Angular Momentum

L=rvm

Efficiency (%)

W(output)/E(input)

Work done by gas piston

W=PΔV

Change in Internal Energy

ΔE=Q-W

Change in absolute temperature of an ideal gas

Constant Volume - Q=nCT

Density

ρ=m/v

Specific Gravity

ρ(substance)/ρ(water)

Weight

w=mg

Pressure

F/A

Hydrostatic Gauge Pressure

P(gauge)=ρ(fluid)gD

Total Hydrostatic Pressure

P(total)=P(surface/gas)+P(gauge)

Archimedes Principle

F(bouy)=ρ(fluid)V(sub)g

Apparent weight of submerged object

apparent weight = w (object) - F (bouy)

Pascal's Law

F1/A1=F2/A1

Flow Rate

f=Av

Continuity Equation

A1V1=A2V2

Bernoulli's Equation (Ideal Fluid)

P1 + 1/2ρv2 + ρgy = P2 + 1/2ρv2 + ρgy

Floating Object Relationship

V (sub)/V=ρ(obj)/ρ(flu)

Toricelli's Result

v(efflux) = √ 2gD

Stress

Stress=F/A

Strain

Strain =ΔL/L0

Hooke's Law

Stress=modulus x strain

Tension or compression

ΔL=FL0/EA

Shear

X=FL0/AG

Coulomb's Law

F(elec)=k (lQl lql/r2)

Electric field due to point charge (Q)

E=k (lQl/r2)

Electric force by field

F=qE

Electric Potential

EP=k(Q/r)

Change in Electrical PE

ΔPE = qΔEP = qV

Work done by electric field

W= - ΔPE

Change in KE

ΔKE = - ΔPE = W (e field)

Current

I=Q/t

Resistance

R= ρ (L/A) ρ=resistivity

Ohm's Law

V=IR

Resistors in series

R= R1 + R2 + R3...

Resistors in parallel

1/R = 1/R1 + 1/R2...

Power of circuit

P=IV=I2R=V2/R

Charge of parallel plate capacitors

Q=CV

Capacitance (no diaelectric)

C=ε(A/d)

Capacitance (with diaelectric)

C=KC(without)=Kε(A/d)

Electric field in parallel plate capacitor

V=Ed

Stored potential energy in capacitor

PE=1/2 QV = 1/2 CV2 = Q2/2C

Capacitors in parallel

C=C1 + C2 + ...

Capacitors in series

1/C=1/C1+ 1/C2 +...

Magnetic force on moving charge (q)

F=-qvB F= lqlvBsinΘ sinΘ is angle between v and B

Hooke's law (spring)

F=-kx

Elastic potential energy

PE = 1/2kx2

Spring-block oscillator frequency

f=(1/2π)(√k/m)

Simple pendulum frequency

f=(1/2π)(g/l)

Period/frequency

T=1/f

Wave equation

v=λf

Standing-wave (harmonic) wavelength

λn=2L/n (n=1, 2, 3) λn=λ1/n

Standing-wave (harmonic) frequencies

fn=(v/2L)n fn=nf1

Velocity of sound

v=√B/ρ

Intensity

I=Power/Area

Intensity level

β=10 log (I/I0)

Harmonic frequency (sound) - open end

f=nv/2L

Harmonic frequency (sound) - closed end

f=nv/4L

Harmonic wavelength (sound) - open end

λ=2L/n

Harmonic wavelength (sound) - closed end

λ=4L/n

Doppler effect

f= (v+/-vD)/(v+/-vS)fs

Frequency of a beat

f= lf1 - f2l

Index of refraction

n=c/v

Law of reflection

Θ1=Θ1`

Law of refraction (Snell's law)

n1sinΘ1=n2sinΘ2

Mirror-Lens equation

1/o + 1/i = 1/f

Focal length

f = R/2

Magnification

m = -i/o

Lens power

P = 1/f P(combination) = P1 + P2

Photoelectron Energy

KEmax = hf - energy potential

Stopping Voltage

-eVstop=KEmax