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Summer 24 > Physics chap 3 > Flashcards

Physics chap 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Physics is

A

The study of motion, matter, and energy interaction

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2
Q

Knowledge of physics helps to understand…

A

body mechanics physiology that is the backbone of medicine

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3
Q

Newton’s First Law of Motion

A

An object at rest or moving at constant speed in a straight line will continue in that state until a net external force acts upon it. This is the law of inertia.

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4
Q

Newton’s Second Law of Motion

A

-Force is equal to mass times acceleration
F=m x a
-If multiple forces exist, the direction and acceleration are proportional to the sum of all the forces. These are called VECTORS.

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5
Q

Newton’s Third Law of Motion

A

For every action there is equal and opposite reaction

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6
Q

Mass is the

A

total of all matter in an object: sum of ALL protons, electrons, neutrons. From a physics perspective, mass is the resistance of an object to acceleration.
- Measured in KILOGRAMS

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7
Q

Larger mass requires

A

a greater force than a smaller mass.

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8
Q

Weight is

A

total effect of gravity pulling on all these electrons, protons, and neutrons of an object.
-Measured in NEWTONS

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9
Q

Average velocity

A

displacement/time

Has a vector quanitity and has direction.

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10
Q

Speed is

A

distance/time

Scalar quantity with no particular direction

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11
Q

Vectors

A

have magnitude and direction

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12
Q

What determines axis deviation of the heart?

A

ECG uses vector analysis

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13
Q

Resultant vector

A

when two or more vectors are added

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14
Q

The end of the tip is called the

A

head

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15
Q

the other end of a vector is called the

A

tail

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16
Q

Acceleration

A

change in velocity/change in time

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17
Q

Force

A

the amount of energy required to move an object

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18
Q

A newton is

A

Force required to accelerate a 1kg weight 1 meter per second

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19
Q

Dyne is

A

100000th of a newton
small scale used for blood. Ex: SVR, PVR

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20
Q

Force measurement in accelerometry is used to measure

A

accelerometry is used to measure the degree of neuromuscular bockade

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21
Q

Ulnar nerve is stimulated contraction of

A

adductor pollicis

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22
Q

Explain TOF

A

quantification of the degree of neuromuscular blockade

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23
Q

Gravity

A

universal attraction between all objects

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24
Q

G earth

A

9.81 m/s^2=32.2 ft/s^2

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25
Q

How does gravity affect the blood flow in lungs?

A

In standing position, distribution of pulmonary blood flow is UNeven due to gravity. lowest at apex and highest at the base of lung (will get more blood and oxygen )
-Supine blood flow is nearly uniform throughout the lung

26
Q

Weight equals

A

m X g

m=mass
g= acceleration due to gravity

27
Q

SI unit of mass is

A

kg

28
Q

1 slug= ______kg

A

=14.62 kg

29
Q

1 lb= ____ N

A

4.45 N

30
Q

pressure=

A

force/area

measured in pascal

31
Q

pressure is

A

force per unit area

32
Q

Bourdon gauges

A

measure pressure in gas cylinders
P total =P gauge + P atmosphere

used in anesthesia to measure pressure in gas cylinders

33
Q

True zero pressure

A

Zero reference point may be a complete vaccum

34
Q

Zero alveolar pressure means

A

at atmospheric pressure

35
Q

Manometer is

A

u shaped tube filled with fluid of known density, such as mercury. Remember what mercury density was? :)

36
Q

Calculate the pressure difference between the system and the atmosphere by measuring

A

height distance of the fluid in the U-shaped tube and substituting for the equation:

change in P=pg times change in h

37
Q

Aneroid bellows gauge

A

-does not require presence of a liquid to operate
-relies on the expansion or contraction of bellows as the pressure changes
-gauges sealed with respect to the atmosphere are used to measure changes in the absolute pressure
-gauges open to the atmosphere and sample are used to measure gauge pressure

38
Q

Bourdon Gauge

A
  1. Used on gas cylinders and are considered a type of aneroid gauge.
  2. Has a coiled tube and is used to measure the pressure difference between the pressure exerted by the gas in a cylinder and the atmospheric pressure.
  3. As gas at a pressure above atmospheric pressure enters the coiled tube, the tube slightly uncoils,
39
Q

PSI=

A

pounds per square inch

40
Q

Atmospheric pressure is

A

pressure that is “zero” referenced against a perfect vacuum, so it equals the gauge pressure plus the atmospheric pressure

41
Q

Gauge pressure

A

pressure that is “zero” referenced against ambient air pressure
-equal to absolute pressure minus atmospheric pressure

42
Q

Gauge pressure and total pressure

A
  1. vital that you specify what type of pressure is being utilized and how that pressure was determined
  2. Total pressure (absolute pressure) includes the atmospheric pressure plus the gauge pressure: P total(absolute) = P gauge + P atmosphere
43
Q

Oscillometry

A

method that relies on the measurement of blood pressure oscillations

44
Q

transducer

A

device that converts pressure into electrical signals suitable for the display and monitoring

45
Q

value of pascal

A

Pa=1N/1m^2
Pa=102g/m^2
kPa=102kg/m^2

46
Q

Mean QRS vector tends to point where?

A

Towards ventricular hypertrophy and away from MI

47
Q

atmospheric pressure conversions?

A

1 atm=760mmHg=760torr=1 bar=100kPa=1020 cmH2O=14.7 lb/in^2

48
Q

Absolute pressure

A

pressure that is zero referened against a perfect vacuum so it equals the gauge pressure plus the atmospheric pressure

49
Q

Barometer

A

measures the actual pressure or aboslute pressure

50
Q

what measures gauge pressure?

A

Manomoeters and bourdon gauges

51
Q

Does electromagnetic radiation have mass?

A

No.

52
Q

What is normal SVR

A

900-1200 dyne sec/cm5

53
Q

What is normal PVR

A

100-200 dyne sec/cm5

54
Q

Pa= ____N/1m2

A

1N/1m2

55
Q

Pa= _____ g/m2

A

102 g/m2

56
Q

Pa= ____kg/m2

A

102g/kg2

57
Q

1N= ____grams

A

102 grams

58
Q

___ kPa= ____ cmH20= ___ mmHg

A
  • 1
  • 10.2
  • 7.5
59
Q

___ torr= ____ mmHg

A
  • 1 torr
  • 1 mmHg
60
Q

____mmHg= ____ cmH20

A
  • 1 mmHg
  • 1.34 cmH2O
61
Q

____ atm= ____ mmHg= ___ torr= ___bar= ____kPa= ____ cmH2O= ____ lb/inch2

A
  • 1 atm
  • 760 mmHg
  • 760 torr
  • 1 bar
  • 100kPa
  • 1020 cmH2O
  • 14.7 lb/inch2
62
Q
A

Summer 24 (17 decks)

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