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Summer 24 > Anatomy lecture 1 > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture 1 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone

A

Trapezium

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2
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone

A

Trapezoid

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3
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone?

A

Capitate

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4
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone?

A

Hamate

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5
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone?

A

Scaphoid

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6
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone?

A

Lunate

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7
Q

What is the name of the outlined bone?

A

Triquetrum

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8
Q

Which metacarpal is outlined?

A

1

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9
Q

Which metacarpal is outlined?

A

2

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10
Q

Which metacarpal is outlined?

A

3

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11
Q

Which metacarpal is outlined?

A

4

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12
Q

Which metacarpal is outlined?

A

5

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13
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Distal Phalange

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14
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Middle Phalange

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15
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Proximal Phalange

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16
Q

What is the red line pointing to ?

A

Distal Phalanx

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17
Q

What is the red line pointing to ?

A

Head of middle phalanx

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18
Q

What is the red line pointing to ?

A

Head of proximal phalanx

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19
Q

What are the lines pointing to ?

A

Red: head
Blue: tubercle
Green: shaft
Yellow: base
Black: 5th metacarpal

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20
Q

What is the red line pointing to ?

A

Hook of Hamate

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21
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Pisiform

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22
Q

What view of the hand is this?

A

Posterior

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23
Q

What view of the hand is this?

A

Anterior

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24
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Triquetrum

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25
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Lunate

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26
Q

What is the red line pointing at?

A

Tubercle of Scaphoid

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27
Q

What is the red line pointing at?

A

Tubercle of Trapezium

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28
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Trapezoid

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29
Q

What bone is outlined?

A

Capitate

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30
Q

What ate the red lines pointing at?

A

Sesamoid bones

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31
Q

What is anatomical position?

A
  • body erect
  • feet slightly apart
  • palms facing forward
  • thumbs point away from body
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32
Q

What is the Median plane?

A

divides the body into right and left

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33
Q

What is the Sagittal Plane?

A

Plane that is parallel to median plane

34
Q

What is the Frontal (Coronal) Plane?

A

Divides the body into anterior and posterior parts

35
Q

What is the Transverse (cross section) plane?

A

Divided the body into superior and inferior parts

36
Q

Superior and inferior

A

Toward and away from head

37
Q

Anterior and posterior

A

toward the front and back of the body

38
Q

Medial and lateral

A

Toward the midline, away from midline

39
Q

Proximal and distal

A

Closer to and farther from the origin of the body

40
Q

Superficial and deep

A

Toward and away from the body surface

41
Q

What makes up the Integumentary system?

A
  • skin
  • sweat glands
  • oil glands
  • hair
  • nails
  • epidermis
  • dermis
42
Q

What is the role of the Integumentary system?

A
  • external covering
  • protects deep tissues from injury and infections
  • first line of defense
  • regulate body temp
  • perception of stimuli
  • synthesized vitamin D (sunlight)
43
Q

What is the largest organ?

A

skin

44
Q

Contraction of arrestor muscles causes

A

goose bumps

45
Q

What is Diaphysis?

A

Shaft

46
Q

What is Epiphysial plate?

A

Growth plate

47
Q

Lone bone consist of what two things

A
  • Epiphysis
  • Diaphysis
48
Q

What is osteoporosis?

A

poor density of bone

49
Q

What is muscle hypertrophy?

A

enlarge

50
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for C2?

A

posterior half of skull “CAP”

51
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for C3?

A

high turtle neck shirt

52
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for C4?

A

Low collar shirt

53
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for T4

A

At the nipple

54
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for T7?

A

Xiphoid process

55
Q

What’s the land mark dermatome for T 10?

A

belly bu-TEN

56
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for L1

A

Inguinal region

57
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for L4

A

Knee caps

58
Q

What is the landmark dermatome for S2,3,4

A

erection and sensation of penile and anal area
- “S2,3,4 keep the penis off the floor” -Dr.Mo

59
Q

All preganglionic fibers pass through what?

A

White rami in route to the paravertebral ganglia

60
Q

Where do sympathetic postganglionic neurons pass through to reach the spinal nerve?

A

Gray rami communications

61
Q

What spinal nerve are gray rami distributed to?

A

All spinal nerves

62
Q

Where are white rami distributed to? and where do they arise from ?

A

T1-L3

63
Q

Gray rami allow ____?
why is it important?

A
  • Coordinated, mass discharge of sympathetic nervous system
  • fight or flight
64
Q

Myelin sheath formed by what?
What is the importance?

A
  • Schwann cells
  • insulate neuron for high speed transmission of impulses
65
Q

Cell to cell transmission is by _______?

A

Neurotransmitters

66
Q

What is a dermatome?

A

Area of skin supplied by each spinal nerve

67
Q

What is a myotome?

A

muscle mass supplied by each spinal nerve

68
Q

What are visceral motor fibers?

A
  • supply impulses to smooth muscles (blood vessels)
  • part of the sympathetic nervous system
69
Q

Sympathetic nervous system

A

fight or flight situations

70
Q

Parasympathetic nervous system

A

relax and digest

71
Q

What does postganglionic stimulation of sympathetic neuron release?

A

Norepinephrine

72
Q

What does postganglionic stimulation of parasympathetic neuron release?

A

Acetylcholine

73
Q

How many layers surround the spinal cord?

A

3

74
Q

What makes up the peripheral nervous system?

A
  • spinal ganglion
  • cranial nerves
  • cranial ganglion
  • spinal ganglion
75
Q

What makes up the Central nervous system?

A
  • spinal cord
  • brain
76
Q

how many spinal nerves and how many in each category ?

A
  • 31 pairs
  • 8 cervical nerve pair
  • 12 thoracic nerve pair
  • 5 lumbar nerve pair
  • 5 sacral nerve pair
  • 1 coccygeal nerve pair
77
Q

What bone structure does the radial nerve originate from?

A

Radial Groove

78
Q

Humerus Facture site of the surgical neck effects what nerve?

A
  • Axillary nerve
79
Q

Humerus fracture site of the Radial Groove effects what nerve?

A
  • Radial Nerve
80
Q

Humerus fracture site of the Distal End effects what nerve?

A

Median nerve

81
Q

Humerus Fracture site of the Medial Epicondyle effects what nerve?

A

Ulnar nerve

82
Q

What is a Colles Fracture? what does it look like?

A
  • Fracture of radius and slight fracture of styloid process of ulna
  • Dinner fork fracture

Summer 24 (17 decks)

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