Anatomy Lecture 3

Question 1

What makes up the cubital fossa?

Answer 1

• brachial artery
• biceps tendon
• median nerve
• radial nerve
• median cubital vein
• medial and lateral cutaneous nerves

Question 2

Boundaries of cubital fossa?

Answer 2

• superiorly: imaginary line connecting medial and lateral eipcondyles
• medially: pronator teres
• laterally: brachioradialis
• floor: brachial and supinator
• roof: cubital fascia and skin

Question 3

muscles that move the wrist reside in the ___

Answer 3

forearm

Question 4

muscles that move the fingers resides in ____or the ____

Answer 4

• forearm
• hand

Question 5

Flexors tend to originate at the ____ of the humerus

Answer 5

Medial epicondyle

Question 6

Extensors tend to originate at the ____ of the humerus

Answer 6

Lateral Epicondyle

Question 7

where do deep flexors originate?

Answer 7

• forearm
• they are shorter

Question 8

Radius and the ulna are joined by what?

Answer 8

Interosseous membrane

Question 9

Flexors are supplied by what nerve?

Answer 9

• median
• ulnar (flexor carpi Ulnaris)

Question 10

Extensors are supplied by what nerve?

Answer 10

Radial

Question 11

What is the role of the flexor and extensor retinaculum do?

Answer 11

Hold the tendons together like a wrist band

Question 12

Muscles of the Superficial flexor region

Answer 12

• pronator teres
• flexor carpi radialis
• palmaris longus
• flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 13

Muscles of the Intermediate flexor region

Answer 13

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Question 14

Muscles of the deep flexor region

Answer 14

• Flexor digitorm profundus
• flexor pollicis longus
• pronator quadratus

Question 15

Pronator Teres

Answer 15

Proximal attachment: coronoid process of the ulna
Distal attachment: lateral surface of radius
Innervation: median nerve
Action: pronates forearm

Question 16

Flexor Carpi Radialis

Answer 16

Proximal attachment: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Distal attachment: base of 2nd and 3rd metacarpals
Innervation: Median nerve
Action: flexion and abduction of hand

Question 17

Palmaris longus

Answer 17

Proximal attachment: medial epicondyle
Distal attachment: palmar aponeurosis
Innervation: median nerve
Action: hand flexion and tenses palmer aponeurosis

Question 18

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 18

Proximal attachment: olecranon process
Distal attachement: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal
Innervation: ulnar nerve
action: adduction and flexion of hand at wrist

Question 19

Flexor digitorum

Answer 19

Proximal attachment: medial epicondyle, coronoid process of ulna and anterior radius
Distal attachment: middle phalanges of middle four fingers (2-5)
Innervation: median nerve
Action: flexion of proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joints of fingers (2-5)

Question 20

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 20

proximal attachment: ulan and interosseous membrane (IM)
distal attachment: base of distal phalanges of fingers (2-5)
Innervation: lateral part of finger 2,3 by median nerve. medial part finger 4,5 by ulnar nerve. (median lies between FDS and FDP)
Action: flexion of distal inter-phalangeal (DIP) joints of fingers 2-5

Question 21

Flexor Pollic(K)is longus

Answer 21

proximal attachment: radius and interosseous membrane
distal attachment: base of distal phalanx of thumb
innervation: anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve)
action: thumb flexion

Question 22

Pronator quadratus

Answer 22

proximal attachment: distal ulna
distal attachement: distal radius
enervation: anterior interosseous nerve (branch of median nerve)
action: pronate forearm

Question 23

muscles in the Superficial layer of extensor region

Answer 23

• brachioradialis
• extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis
• extensor digitorum
• extensor digiti minimi
• extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 24

muscles in the Deep layer of extensor region

Answer 24

• supinator
• extensor pollicis longus
• extensor pollicis brevis
• adbuctor pollicis longus
• extensor indicis

Question 25

Brachioradialis

Answer 25

Proximal attachment: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus Distal attachment: styloid process of ulna Innervation: radial Action: weak flexion of elbow joint

Question 26

Extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis

Answer 26

Proximal attachment: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus (longus) and lateral epicondyle (Brevis) Distal attachment: base of 2nd (longus) and 3rd (brevis) metacarpal Innervation: radial Action: extend and abduct wrist joint

Question 27

Extensor Digitorum

Answer 27

Proximal attachment: lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal attachment: extensor expansion of the medial 4 fingers (2-5) Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends 2nd, 3rd, and 4th fingers

Question 28

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 28

Proximal attachment: lateral epicondyle (common belly with extensor digitorum) Distal attachment: extensor expansion of 5th finger (pinky) Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends wrist joint, extends 5th fingers

Question 29

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 29

Proximal attachment: lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal attachment: base of 5th metacarpal Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends and adducts hand

Question 30

Supinator

Answer 30

- short shiny muscle with diagonally running fibers Proximal attachment: lateral epicondyle of humerus Distal attachment: proximal radius Innervation: radial Action: supinates forearm Silvery shine.

Question 31

Extensor pollic(K)is longus

Answer 31

Proximal attachment: ulna, IM Distal attachment: base of distal phalanx of thumb Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends distal phalanx of thumb

Question 32

Extensor pollic(K)is brevis

Answer 32

Proximal attachment: distal radius, IM Distal attachment: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends proximal phalanx of thumbs

Question 33

Abductor pollic(K)is longus

Answer 33

Proximal attachment: ulna, radius, interosseous membrane Distal attachment: base of 1st metacarpal Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: abduct thumb Brevis sandwich "between two longus"

Question 34

Extensor indic(K)is

Answer 34

Proximal attachment: distal ulna, interosseous membrane Distal attachment: extensor expansion of 2nd membrane Innervation: posterior interosseous nerve (branch of radial nerve) Action: extends 2nd finger

Question 35

Median nerve

Answer 35

- major nerve of anterior forearm - lies medial to brachial artery in cubital fossa - travers carpal tunnel - major branch: Anterior interosseous nerve

Question 36

Ulnar nerve

Answer 36

- passes posterior to medial epicondyle - cutaneous branch to media side of hand

Question 37

What are the major branches of the radial nerve?

Answer 37

- posterior - medial - lateral cutaneous nerve of forearm

Question 38

What are the superficial and deep branches of the radial nerve?

Answer 38

- posterior interosseous nerve

Question 39

What is the major branch of the median nerve?

Answer 39

anterior interosseous nerve

Question 40

MCV (superficial vein)

Answer 40

medial cubical vein. can be damaged by multiple attempts of of blood draw.

Question 41

All flexors are supplied by what nerve except for

Answer 41

flexor carpi ulnaris by the ulnar nerve

Question 42

How do you find the muscle ?

Answer 42

check from the tendons. this applies to mostly all except for the thumb

Question 43

Important landmark for catheterization?

Answer 43

Anatomical snuff box

Question 44

Extensor supplying

Answer 44

radial nerve

Question 45

Tennis elbow

Answer 45

Lateral epicondylitis. too much flexion

Question 46

Mallet finger

Answer 46

common with basketball/baseball

Question 47

Carpal tunnel

Answer 47

median nerve is compress at the wrist, resulting in numbness or pain