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Summer 24 > Anatomy lecture 2 > Flashcards

Anatomy lecture 2 Flashcards

1
Q

medial attachement=

A
  • origin
  • proximal
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2
Q

lateral attachement=

A

insertion

= distal

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3
Q

Pectoralis major

A
  • Proximal attachment: clavicular head, anterior 1/2 of medial clavicle, sternocostal head ribs 1-6
  • Distal attachment: lateral lip of intertubercular groove (sulcus) of humerus
  • Innervation: lateral and medial pectoral
  • action: adduction and medial rotation of humerus, draws scapula anteriorly and inferiorly
  • ex: climbing, throwing, pushing, hugging
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4
Q

pectoralis minor

A

proximal attachment: ribs 3-5
distal attachment: coracoid process of scapula
innervation: a medial pectoral nerve
action: stabilize scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly rotating against thoracic wall

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5
Q

Subclavius

A
  • proximal attachment: junction of 1st rib and its costal cartilage
  • Distal attachment: inferior surface of middle third of clavicle
  • innervation: subclavian nerve
  • action: actors and depresses clavicle
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6
Q

Serratus anterior

A
  • Proximal attachment: 1st to 8th ribs
  • Distal attachment: medial border of scapula
  • innervation: long thoracic nerve
  • action: move scapula forward, boxers muscle (hold scapula against wall)
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7
Q

What is the action of Trapezius ?

A
  • descending (superior) part elevates “shoulder shrugging”
  • ascending (inferior) part depresses and middle part retracts (pulls posteriorly) scapula
  • shoulder drop if injured
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8
Q

What is the action of Latissimus Doris?

A
  • extend, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder joint (striking action ex blow, hammering, swimming, and rowing)
  • raises body towards arm during climbing
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9
Q

Ability to bow hunt is impaired due to injury to

A

dorsal scapular nerve/levetator scapulae

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10
Q

SSIT

A

Subscapularis-lesser tubercle
Supraspinatus-greater tubercle
Infraspinatus-
aTeres minor

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11
Q

0-15 degrees of arm abduction

A

supraspinatous

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12
Q

15-90 degrees of arm abduction

A

medial deltoid

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13
Q

> 90 degree of arm abduction

A

upper trapezius

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14
Q

SITS for rotator cuff

A

Supraspinatus- helps deltoid abduct arm 15
Infraspinatus- laterally rotates arm
Teres minor- adducts and laterally rotate arm
Subscapularis- medially rotates and adducts arm

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15
Q

Rotator cuff injury common in

A

baseball pitcher
Will have pain in neck and at the tip of the shoulder

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16
Q

All muscles will pull towards…

A

the origin

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17
Q

Brachial plexus

A

nerve supply to upper limb
-extends from cervical region to axilla
-formed by anterior rami of C5 to T1 (roots of brachial plexus)

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18
Q

Anterior rami roots

A

C5-C8, T1

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19
Q

anterior rami (roots)—->

A

trunks
——–>
divisions
——–>
cords
——->
terminal branches

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20
Q

Trunks

A

-Superior trunnk
-Middle trunk
-Inferior trunk

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21
Q

Cords

A
  • Lateral cord
  • Posterior cord
  • Medial cord
22
Q

Terminal branches

A
  • musculocutaneous nerve
  • radial nerve
    -median nerve
    -ulnar nerve
23
Q

Brachial plexus injury

A

second most common postop peripheral neuropathy

24
Q

Axillary nerve

A

innervates the deltoid and teres minor

25
Musculocutaneous nerve
sends fibers to coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis (flexion at elbow)
26
Median
branches to most of the flexor muscles of forearm and opponens pollicis -pronation of forearm -flexion of wrist - opposition of thumb -flexion of lateral three fingers
27
Ulnar nerve
supplies the flexor carpi ulnarus and half of the flexor digitorum profundus - flexion of wrist - adduction of fingers -flexion of medial two fingers
28
Radial nerve
supplies ALL extensors of arm and forearm muscles - extension at elbow - supination of forearm - extension of wrist and fingers
29
Intercostobrachial nerve
-terminal cutaneous nerve -can be blocked to reduce pain from tourniquet inflation during IV regional neural anesthesia
30
Erb-Duchenne palsy
injury to superior trunk C5, C6 roots in newborn due to excess stretch during delivery that leads to tear of the roots. Axillary, musculocutaneous and suprascapular nerves are paralyzed -limb hangs by the side with adducted shoulder, forearm is pronated, waiter's tip position
31
Klumpke paralysis
injury of inferior trunk C8, T1 Damage to ulnar nerve. Claw hand.
32
What is the action of the Pectoral's Major?
- Adduction and medial rotation of humerus - draws scapula anterior and inferiorly - (climbing, throwing, pushing, hugging and bench press)
33
What is the action of the Subslavius?
anchors and depresses clavicle
34
what is the action of the Levator scapulae?
elevate the scapula
35
Trapezius lateral and medial attachment
Medial attachment: medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae Lateral attachment: lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula Innervation: spine accessory nerve (Cranial nerve XI) and C3, C4 spinal nerve
36
Rhomboids (major and minor) attachments and innervation
medial attachment: spinous processes of C7 and T1 (minor); spinous processes of T2-T5 (major) Lateral attachment: medial border of scapula Innervation: dorsal scapuar nerve
37
Axillary nerve injury is associated with
surgical neck fracture of humerus, shoulder dislocation, IM injection can lead to atrophy of deltoid
38
Supraspinatus
- Proximal attachment: supraspinous fossa of scapula - Distal attachment: greater tubercle of humerus - Innervation: suprascapular nerve
39
Supraspinatus action
initiate abduction (first 15 degrees of arm)
40
Infraspinatus
- Proximal attachment: infraspinous fossa of scapula - Distal attachment: greater tubercle of humerus - Innervation: suprascapular nerve (also supplies supraspinatus)
41
Infraspinatus action
laterally rotates shoulder joint
42
Teres minor main action
laterally rotates shoulder joint
43
Teres minor attachments and innervation
proximal attachment: middle part of lateral border of scapula Distal attachment: greater tubercle of humerus Innervation: axillary nerve
44
What is the action of Subscapularis?
medially rotate and adduct of shoulder joint
45
Teres major attachment
Proximal attachment: inferior part of lateral border of scapula Distal attachment: medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus Innervation: lower subscapular nerve
46
Teres major action
medially rotates and adducts the shoulder joint
47
Subscapularis attachment and innervation
proximal attachment: subscapular fossa of scapula distal attachment: lesser tubercle of humerus innervation: upper and lower subscapular nerves
48
What 4 muscles make up the rotator cuff?
1) spuraspinatus 2) infraspinatus 3) Teres Minor 4) Subscapularis
49
The Left Axillary artery turns into the Left brachial artery after what muscle?
- Left Teres major
50
What happens if the long thoracic nerve is injured?
- winging of scapula due to paralysis of serratus anterior
51

Summer 24 (17 decks)

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