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Uworld > Physics > Flashcards

Physics Flashcards

1
Q

Heat gained by water is equal to

A

Heat lost by some element

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2
Q

Dynamic equilibrium occurs when?

A

All sum of forces acting on an object in motion is equal to zero ( the object moves but doesn’t acceleRte)

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3
Q

The force that acts pararallel to the surface of the incline is

A

Frictional force
Mgsin theta

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4
Q

Force acting perpendicular to the surface of incline is

A

Normal force
Mgcos theta

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5
Q

Stretching or compressing an elastic object away from its equilibrium point increases its ..

A

Elastic potential energy ( work must be done against it)

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6
Q

What happens when matter transfer from one phase to another?

A

It absorbs or releases heat
But the T remains the same!!!

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7
Q

What is entropy? S

A

Measures the disorder of a substance or system ( solids have the lowest then liquid then gas)
More entropy - more disorder

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8
Q

Kinetic energy means

A

Movement

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9
Q

Energy during combustion works by?

A

Storing the chemical energy and releasing it by creating new bonds with less energy

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10
Q

Minimum relative sped occurs

A

When both move in the same direction
v= difference between two speeds

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11
Q

Maximum speed occurs when

A

Both speeds move in opposite direction and v= sum of two speeds

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12
Q

Objects inertia is

A

Its resistance to changes in its velocity, object tend to stay on motion or stay at rest.

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13
Q

Tension is

A

Force experienced by a string due to opposing forces at each of its ends

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14
Q

What is heat?

A

Heat is the energy transferred between two substances with different T

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15
Q

Snell law light refraction

A

n1 sin angle1 = n2 sin angle 2
n1/n2 = sin angle 2/ sin angle 1

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16
Q

Refractive index depends on the ..

A

Speed of light
Greater index = slower speed of light

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17
Q

At constant speed net force Fnet equals

A

0
F= Ff

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18
Q

What is reflection? (Отражение)

A

Light travels in a new direction when light encounters an interface between two different media

Allows us to see objects and perceive their colors

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19
Q

Doppler effects occurs when

A

A periodic signal emitted from a source (sound, light) is perceived by an observer to have a different wavelength due to the relative motion between the source and observer.
Change of wavelength is proportional to the relative speed between the source and observer

If the source is mixing toward the observer = wavelength and signal decreases.
Away from the observer = wavelength and signal increases

An alteration in the observed frequency of a sound due to go motion of either the source or the observer. Observer month toward the source = higher frequency of sound, the person moving away from the source = lower frequency of the sound. Is the source coming toward the observer= higher frequency and vice versa

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20
Q

Static of equilibrium means

A

Gravitational force down and tension force upward
Sum of forces = 0

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21
Q

Cardiac output is

A

The amount of blood pumped out of the left ventricle in 1 min

CO = SV * HR
SV = strike volume of the heart- volume of blood pumped out in a single heartbeat ( SV = EDV - ESV end diastolic volume-end systolic volume)
HR = heart rate

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22
Q

Cardiac output is inversely proportional to

A

Vascular resistance

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23
Q

Inertia is directly proportional to

A

Mass

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24
Q

The force required to move a stationary object must be greater than the ..

A

Static friction force

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25
Q

Tension at constant velocity depends on

A

Frictional force

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26
Q

Work energy theorem states

A

Works done by a force on an object can be calculated as the change in the objects KE

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27
Q

Law of conservation of energy states

A

Total energy which is the sum of PE + KE must remain constant

28
Q

During exercise blood flow to the skin increases in order to

A

Maintain normal body temperature through heat transfer mechanisms

29
Q

Static friction definition

A

Frictional force that per event two surfaces from sliding.
Higher normal force = higher friction= greater stretching
Fs = u F

30
Q

Difference between static friction and kinetic friction

A

Static = not moving
Kinetic = moving
Uk is always less than Us
Static can increase but kinetic is constant

31
Q

Kinetic friction definition

A

Occurs when surfaces slide against each other. Moving.
Fk = Uk * F

32
Q

When the velocity is positive than friction has a sign …

A

Negative because kinetic friction acts in opposite direction and vice versa

33
Q

Perpendicular is … while parallel is ..:

A

Cos,
Sin

34
Q

Normal force with weight

A

N= W cos or sin

35
Q

When the normal force decreases the kinetic friction also

A

Decreases and vice versa because Fk = uF

36
Q

Work is done by friction sliding down and up the ramp equals

A

W = wdown + workup
2FL

37
Q

Difference between potential energy and kinetic energy

A

KE= motion of objects
PE= position of objects

38
Q

Periodic motion is

A

When on object moves in a cyclical fashion returning to the same location after a certain period of time. Modeled in terms of wave motion, where time required to compete one cycle of motion and its names as a period (T) which is expressed in seconds
f = 1/T

39
Q

Work energy principal

A

W = delta KE
W = - delta PE
KE+ PE=0

40
Q

High frequency electromagnetic radiation are more … while low frequency radiation carries much less …

A

Energetic,
Energy

41
Q

Radiation energy is directly related to ..

A

Temperature
Higher frequency = higher T
Lowry frequency = lower T

42
Q

Enthalpy H definition

A

Measures energy stored in a chemical bond and is amount of energy released or absorbed from the formation and destruction of chemical bonds in a reaction.

Energy is released as heat if the H of the products is lower than H of the reactants and H is negative (exothermic).
When H of products is higher than H is positive ( endothermic)

43
Q

Phase changes

A
44
Q

Bomb cell is a type of what system? And calorimetry device?

A

Closed. Heat can be exchanged but matter cannot
Isolated, neither heat not matter can be exchanged

45
Q

Conduction definition

A

Direct transfer of energy from molecule to molecule through molecular collisions. Through direct contact.
Metals are the best conductors, gases are the worst.

46
Q

Convection definition

A

Transfer of heat by physical motion of a fluid over a material.
Only for liquids and gases.
Motion of fluids.

47
Q

Specific heat of water is

A

1 cal/ g* K or 4 J/g*K

48
Q

Phase changes occur at

A

A constant T since the changes in PE not KE

49
Q

Energy dispersion definition

A

Energy goes from being concentrated to being spread out

50
Q

When an object floats?

A

When it’s density is less than the density of the fluid.

51
Q

When an object sinks?

A

When its density is greater than a density of fluid

52
Q

The object remains suspended when

A

The density of an object and fluid is the same

53
Q

When Zero net force is exerted on an object then the object must

A

Be at rest or moving at a constant velocity
Fnet = Fb + F drag -Weight = 0

54
Q

State function is

A

Entropy and doesn’t need path to be taken

55
Q

Thermodynamic equilibrium definition

A

Temperature of the system is constant and uniform throughout its volume and there is no flow of energy. T is the same with another system or its surroundings

56
Q

Process functions definition

A

Describes the path taken by a state to transition from one equilibrium state to another ( work and etc)

57
Q

Isothermal process means

A

Temperature of the system doesn’t change

58
Q

Adiabatic process means

A

Occurs with no heat exchange between the system and the environment

59
Q

Isochoric ( isovolumetric) process is

A

Volume of the system doesn’t change

60
Q

Isobaric system is

A

Pressure of the system doesn’t change

61
Q

Latent heat of vaporization definition

A

The condensation point is the T at which the phase transition from gas to liquid occurs releasing head equals to latent heat

62
Q

Electron force should be directed what way?

A

Along the protons motion to increase its velocity

63
Q

In static equilibrium when no rotational movement the torque is

A

Sum of all torques = 0

64
Q

Inertia definition

A

Objects tendency to oppose changes in motion. Depends only on characteristic of an object itself (mass but not gravity or position)

65
Q

Friction definition

A

Force that resists sliding between two surfaces

66
Q

Tension definition

A

Force that results from an object being pulled in two directions

67
Q

Velocity of light is inversely proportional to

A

Its index of refraction

Uworld (24 decks)

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