Physical Science Lesson 5

Question 1

are the simplest and smallest particle composed of protons, electrons, and neutrons.

Answer 1

Atoms

Question 2

is a positively charged particle inside the nucleus.

Answer 2

proton

Question 3

is a neutral particle also inside the nucleus.

Answer 3

neutron

Question 4

is a negatively charged particle that orbits the nucleus.

Answer 4

electron

Question 5

are substances that cannot be broken down any further by chemical means. There are over 100!

Answer 5

Elements

Question 6

is the arrangement of these elements by increasing atomic number and similar properties.

Answer 6

The Periodic Table

Question 7

the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom.

Answer 7

Atomic number

Question 8

the mass of an atom including the protons, neutrons and electrons.

Answer 8

Average atomic mass

Question 9

Each element on the Periodic Table has a

Answer 9

atomic number, symbol, name and average atomic mass.

Question 10

is the same with the number of orbits or energy level.

Answer 10

Period

Question 11

is the same number of valence electrons

Answer 11

Group number

Question 12

is the electron in the outermost shell of an element.

Answer 12

Valence electron

Question 13

Electrons in the outermost shell can be represented by an_______?

Answer 13

Electron Dot Structure

Question 14

The major categories of elements

Answer 14

Metals, Nonmetals and Metalloids

Question 15

are lustrous, malleable, and are good conductors of heat and electricity.

Answer 15

Metals

Question 16

are elements that do not share the properties of metals.

Answer 16

Non-metals

Question 17

are elements that share some, but not all the properties of metals.

Answer 17

Metalloids

Question 18

means being able to allow electricity and heat to flow through.

Answer 18

Good Conductor

Question 19

means capable of being shaped.

Answer 19

Malleable

Question 20

means shiny or reflective of light.

Answer 20

Lustrous

Question 21

Elements in Group 1 (not including Hydrogen). Very reactive metals. Always combine with something else in nature.

Answer 21

Alkali Metals

Question 22

Elements in Group 2. Reactive Metals that are always combined with non-metals in nature. Several of these elements are important mineral nutrients, like Calcium.

Answer 22

Alkaline Earth Metals

Question 23

Elements in Groups 3-12.
Less reactive, harder metals.
Includes metals used in jewelry, money and construction.

Answer 23

Transition Metals

Question 24

Elements in Group 13.
Boron has properties of both metals and non-metals.
The rest of the elements in this group are metals.

Answer 24

Boron Family

Question 25

Elements in Group 14. Contains elements important to life and computers. Carbon is the basic element in all organic compounds. Silicon and Germanium are important semiconductors.

Answer 25

Carbon Family

Question 26

Elements in Group 15.
Nitrogen makes up more than ¾ of our atmosphere.
The red tip of matches is made of phosphorous.

Answer 26

Nitrogen Family

Question 27

Elements in Group 16.
Oxygen is necessary for respiration.
Many things that have a bad odor contain sulfur.

Answer 27

Oxygen Family or Chalcogens

Question 28

Elements in Group 17.
Very reactive, diatomic non-metals. Always found combined with other elements in nature. Chlorine is used to keep bacteria out of swimming pools

Answer 28

Halogens

Question 29

Elements in Group 18.
VERY reactive gases.
Used in lighted neon signs.
Helium is used to make party balloons float

Answer 29

Noble Gases