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Chemistry > Physical Chemistry > Flashcards

Physical Chemistry Flashcards

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0
Q

Arrhenius alkali

A

OH– ions in water

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1
Q

Arrhenius acid

A

H* ions in water

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2
Q

Problem with Arrhenius definition

A

HCl + NH3 –> NH4Cl
Neutralisation reaction
But neither HCl is an acid by this definition or NH3 a base

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3
Q

Brønstead-Lowry theory

A 
Acid= H* donor
Alkali= H* acceptor
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4
Q

Metal + acid

A

Salt + hydrogen

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5
Q

Metal oxide

A

Base

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6
Q

Metal oxide + acid

A

Salt + water

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7
Q

Metal hydroxide

A

Alkali

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8
Q

Metal hydroxide + acid

A

Salt + water

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9
Q

Metal carbonate + acid

A

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

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10
Q

Ammonia + acid

A

Salt

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11
Q

Nitric acid

A

HNO3

Nitrate

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12
Q

Hydrochloride acid

A

HCl

Chloride

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13
Q

Sulphuric acid

A

H2SO4

Sulphate

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14
Q

Carbonic acid

A

H2CO3

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15
Q

Making salts

A

NEUTRALISATION REACTION
1. Carbonate = bubbling (heat to get rid of all acid) then excess carbonate filtered off.
2. Base = insoluble but no bubbles so add an excess of base.
3. Alkali = ?
Indicator then remove with decolourising charcoal
Titration

16
Q

Calorimity

A

Uses changes in water temp to calculate the energy change

17
Q

Delta H=

A

m x 4.2 x change in temp (delta t)

18
Q

To compare delta H

A

Delta H divided by moles

19
Q

Delta H converted to joules per gram

A

Delta H divided by mass of solid dissolved

20
Q

Delta H converted to joules per mole

A

Delta H divided by moles of solid dissolved

21
Q

Salts of sodium

A

Soluble

22
Q

Salts of potassium

A

Soluble

23
Q

Salts of ammonium

A

Soluble

24
Q

Nitrates

A

Soluble

25
Q

Chlorides

A

Soluble

26
Q

Silver chloride

A

Insoluble

27
Q

Sulfates

A

Soluble

28
Q

Barium sulfate

A

Insoluble

29
Q

Calcium sulfate

A

Insoluble

30
Q

2 insoluble sulfates

A

Barium

Calcium

31
Q

Carbonates

A

Insoluble

32
Q

Sodium carbonate

A

Soluble

33
Q

Potassium carbonate

A

Soluble

34
Q

Ammonium carbonate

A

Soluble

35
Q

3 soluble carbonates

A

Sodium
Potassium
Ammonium

Chemistry (23 decks)

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