DN 3). Halogens and Halides Flashcards
flourine state and colour
gas
colourless
chlorine state and colour
gas
green
bromine state and colour
liquid
orange/brown
iodine state and colour
solid
black
astatine state and colour
solid
black
bonding of the halogens
covalent
halogens will dissolve in…….
hexane
halides will dissolve in…………
water and hexane
chlorine colour of hexane layer
colourless
bromine colour of hexane layer
orange/ brown
iodine colour of hexane layer
magenta
oxidising agents take…………….and get…………
take ELECTRONS and get REDUCED
identifying halide ions steps
HNO3 nitric acid
AgNO3 silver nitrate
NH4OH/NH3 dilute ammonia
NH3 concentrated ammonia
why do you add acid (include equation)
to react with any carbonates in the water since Ag2CO3 is a white solid
2H(+) + CO3(2-) = H2O + CO2
flouride result
no precipitate - -
chloride result
white precipitate precipitate dissolves -
bromide result
cream precipitate slightly dissolves fully dissolves
iodide result
yellow precipitate insoluble insoluble
Cl2 + water
Cl2 + H2O HCl + HClO
Cl2 + water type of reaction and observations
Disproportionation- as the same species is oxidised and reduced
Observations with universal indicator
-red (as HCl)
-colourless (HOCl is bleach)
Cl2 + water
in sunlight
2Cl2 + 2H2O ———uv—————> 4HCl + O2
Cl2 + water
in sunlight
observations
Cl2 (pale green colour fades)
bubbles of 02
Cl2 + alkali
Cl2 + 2OH(-) = Cl(-) + OCl(-) + H2O
