Periodic Table Flashcards
Periodicity
Number of shells
Group
Outer shell electron
Group 1 name
Alkali metals
Group 2 name
Alkali earth metals
Group 7
Halogens
Group 8 other name
Noble gasses
5 metal properties
Conducts electricity Metal oxides are bases Shiny High mp/bp Malleable
5 non-metal properties
Don't conduct electricity Non-metal oxides are acidic Dull Low mp/bp Not malleable
3 properties of noble gases
Inert
Colourless
Monatomic gases
Uses of Nobel gases
Helium used in balloons as denser than air
Neon used in advertising signs as glows when electricity is passed through it
Argon used in builds as very unreactive even at high temp so won’t react with the thin metal filament like O2 would
Krypton used in lasers
Properties of alkali metals (6)
Shiny Conduct electricity Soft Low mp/bp Low density React with water
Lithium + water = (and observations)
Lithium hydroxide + hydrogen
Float, move, fizz
Sodium + water = (and observations)
Sodium hydroxide + hydrogen
Float, move, fizz, melt
Potassium + water = (and observations)
Potassium hydroxide + hydrogen
Float, move, lilac flame, violent reaction, fizz
Water + alkali metals turns universal indicator…
Purple (alkali)
Rubidium + water = (and observations)
Rubidium hydroxide + hydrogen
Sinks as denser than water
Immediately reacts with a violent exposition
Caesium + water = (and observations)
Caesium hydroxide + hydrogen
Explodes shattering container
Ions group 1 forms
1+
Explaining trend in group 1 reactivity
Reactivity increases as you go down the group
As you go down the group:
Number of shells increase
Outer electrons further from nucleus
Less strongly attracted
Therefore atom can give up its electrons more easily
What happens to melting point as you go down group 1
Melting point decreases
Fluorine state, colour, use
Gas
Colourless / pale yellow
F– used in toothpaste
Chlorine state, colour, use
Gas, pale green, disinfectant
Bromine state, colour, use
Liquid, red/brown, water purification
Iodine state, colour, use
Solid, silver/black, anti-septic
