Physical And Cognitive Development In Early Adulthood Flashcards
Good news of physical development
‣ Healthy
• Continuity of good (or bad) health
• Some sports-related injuries
‣ Alive - death rates are low
• accidental
◦ Accidental shootings are common, as well as just accidents that eventually lead to death.
◦ Higher in males than females
• Homicide
◦ Increase in mass shootings, relationship deaths
‣ Females more likely to die from relationship deaths or a mutual friend
• Suicide
◦ Higher at this age
‣ Good Sensory Processing
◦ Senses are still working pretty well, but by the time you are about 30 your pupils will start to take more time to dilate and adjust in changing lighting (movie theaters)
• Pupil dilation taking longer
Bad news of physical development
‣ Stress levels
◦ We are in high stress times as we go off to college, are in college, then move off and start our new job. Maybe then switch a few years later or start grad school. While these changes are good, they can cause high stress levels.
‣ Elections cause a lot of stress. Some other things are money, relationships, the economy, work, personal safety, health problems affecting the family, job stability, housing costs, personal health concerns, family responsibilities, etc.
• Transitions
• Life choices -> sometimes when you choose one thing, then other things can’t happen. Some examples are; picking a major and ruling out other ones, getting in a relationships, picking a job which rules out other jobs, etc.
◦ Limiting options
◦ Uncertainty and waiting
‣ Waiting to see if you passed a nursing exam, if you got into medical school, if you got into law school, getting or waiting for medical test results.
Yerkes - Dodson
‣ The idea that stress is not always bad, but sometimes it is extremely good for us
• The idea is that at different levels of stress it can influence our performance. There is a relationship between stress or arousal and performance.
The parts of the yerkes Dodson human performance curve
◦ Generally those who are bored or calm, and not stressed may not perform well because they aren’t stressed enough. Sometimes not giving their best performance.
◦ On the other end of the perspective too much anxiety and being too stressed out will also impact performance. This may cause some people to not even want to think about it, then chances are they won’t do well because they are so stressed they can’t focus on it. Other times when our levels are so high and we sit down to study instead of being able to prepare our brains practically shut down and don’t sink in.
◦ The optimal performance level of just enough stress people often tend to do the best. This is where we feel most energized, most focused, and the work may start to feel effortless.
What do yerkes and Dodson say stress really is
- stress is just how we define physiological arousal
- stress, anxiety, fear, lust- we have pupil dilation, we get a little sweaty, we get nervous and our heart starts to race
What does being a good coach to yourself help with
- the ability to coach yourself how your body needs it, is the right way to
Bad news -> death
‣ Death rates increase for some people
• Males
• Accidental deaths
◦ Hard to separate from suicides ‣ Sometimes the ways that men die are a was it accidental or was it a momentarily but intentional approach.
◦ Opioid epidemic
‣ Fueled by drug companies, and others prescribing prescription opioids for reasons that are sometimes ridiculous.
‣ The U.S. is higher in this epidemic and more affected by it than other places.
Setting up a downward spiral
‣ Bad eating habits
• Skipping meals
• Dieting
◦ Never try to diet to lose weight. Trying to listen to what your body actually wants it’s important. It’s important that if you eat an unhealthy meal to not stop eating or barely eat to make up for it.
‣ Bad sleeping patterns
- better to try to go to bed earlier
‣ Not exercising
‣ Drinking
Sexual activity
◦ Sexual activity
‣ Dealing with gender and sex role expectations
• Expectations for sexual orientations, for marriages, for dating, for children after marriage, for pregnancies.
‣ STIs and STDs
◦ Left untreated can cause: increased risk of getting HIV, long-term pelvic/abdominal pain, inability to get pregnant or having pregnancy complications
◦ because of the AIDS pandemic mostly being over many are not taking as many precautions towards safe sex
• Short-term effects
• Long-term effects
◦ Long-term pelvic/abdominal pain, or issues with fertility
Perry’s theory
◦ Dualism - facts: only right or wrong, true or false; “I know I can learn this if you just tell me what I need to know.”
◦ Multiplicity - everyone has an option so all are equal; Students may distrust authority, reason, abstraction, and science
‣ In college we move into this after starting to learn to reason
◦ Relativism - see the existence of disciplinary reasoning through criteria/arguements; students may appear successful
‣ Most of us will move to here during college and may still be there til the end of college
◦ Commitment - students realize they must make choices and commit to solutions; understands context for particular choices.
Creativity - Millay
◦ Millay Csikszentmihalyi
‣ Young adulthood tends to be a high point for creativity
◦ Increased creativity
‣ Findings meaning
‣ Flow
• The theory that people are at their happiest, most creative, and most productive when they are in a state of flow in life.
• The theory that being in flow is a state of being where people are so immersed in an activity that nothing else matters in life.
Malcolm Gladwell
◦ Outliers
◦ 10,000 hour rule
‣ This is his theory that in order to master anything you need to practice it for 10,000 hours
