chapter 1 Flashcards
development is?
multidirectional
multidimensional
plastic
multidisciplinary
contextual
multi-dimensional development
- has many different domains; physical, cognitive, social, emotional, etc
multi-directional development
- kids shape parents and siblings shape each other.
- kids personalities and mannerisms can change parents. Sometimes children change a parent the parent may decide they do not want children anymore. We all shape each other
plasticity in development
neuroplasticity - the brain’s ability to change and adapt dependent on physical damage, hard experiences, psychological and emotional trauma.
- our learning and experiences change our brains.
structural and functional plastic development
structural - experiences or memories change a brain’s physical structure
functional - brain functions move from damaged areas to undamaged areas
development: growth, maintenance, loss
growth: the ability to learn new things, have new abilities, and grow as a person
maintenance: the ability to maintain the abilities you have and hold steady. This is the same for cognitive and physical abilities. It’s good to grow but sometime all we can do is maintain
loss: it happens, how we deal with it, come back from it, and learn from it
multidisciplinary
- being able to unlock all of the mysteries of development throughout various stages of life
- medicine, chemistry, history, ecology, communication, etc
contextual development
our growth and development is very specific to our own circumstances and aspects of our lives
- exposures to things, experiences, people, lives, languages/cultures, locations, etc.
nature versus nurture
nature is more of the genetics and where we come from, by genetic inheritance and biological factors. Nurture is like an influence of outside factors like the environment, and the exposure or experiences of an individual
what happens with just nature
◦With just nature people may assume that only environment matters, and if you grew up with a bad parent you may be a bad parent. Or if parents don’t teach us right that we will be destined to not do well.. Maybe even that only people who are genetically fit should possess
the ability to reproduce.
- can lead to us not to think about experiences on top of genes. Make us not realize that genetics and a person’s experiences influence their personality
what happens with just nurture
◦With nurture the idea is that a child’s environment may influence the way they grow up, and
who they grow to be. “That you can take a child and turn them into whomever and however
you want them to be” not necessarily true.
nature is more than what? and is?
‣ Nature is more than just genes
‣ Even when we know someone’s genetics anything can happen.
‣ We may assume that if two good athletes have kids they will have very athletic kids but
that will not always be the case. Statistically this will happen most of the time but not all
of the time.
‣ Ugly people may have beautiful kids or beautiful people may have ugly kids.
‣ Non-athletic people may have kids that are very good athletes.
- Scarr’s View of Nature x Nature Interactions
◦Environment vs. genotype interactions
the passive part of Scarr’s view of nature x nurture
‣ Passive -> not your own genes but your parents genes. Your context and abilities are
based partially on your parents genes. You environment was shaped by the environment
and behaviors based on your genes.
the evocative part of Scarr’s view of nature x nurture
‣ Evocative -> based on who you are from the very start each person has their own unique
way of interacting with the world. Some evoke different responses. Pretty babies are
more likely to get a different and more reactions than that of a uglier baby. Those that
may be more interactive, make eye contact, and look around from the start as a baby
may get more reactions and responses from people around them.