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Step 1 Fast Facts > Phys Facts > Flashcards

Phys Facts Flashcards

1
Q

Normal alveolar partial pressures

A

104 mmHg O2

40 mmHg CO2

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2
Q

Normal pulmonary veins partial pressures

A

40 mmHg O2

45 mmHg CO2

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3
Q

Normal Trachea Partial Pressures

A

150mmHg O2

0 mmHg CO2

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4
Q

WBC differential for bone pain

A

WBC normal=less than 2,000

Gout/Pseudogout WBC=20,000-50,000

Septic arthritis WBC=50,000+

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5
Q

Low frequency sound heard best?

A

Apex of cochlea near helicotrema

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6
Q

High frequency sound heard best?

A

Base of cochlea

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7
Q

Difference between Scala vestibuli, scala tympani and scala media

A

Scala vestibuli and scala tympani have perilymph with high Na

Scala media has endolymph which has high K (affected in Meineires disease)

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8
Q

Produces aqueous humor in eye

A

Ciliary epithelium with Beta adrenergic innervation

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9
Q

Collects aqueous humor from trabecular meshwork in eye

A

Canal of schlemm from drains into epscleral and conjunctival veins

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10
Q

Collects aqueous humor from anterior chamber

A

trabecular meshwork

Cholinomimetics and prostaglandins (parasympathetics) help collect

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11
Q

LGN lower retinal fibers

A

carry information from upper contralateral visual field project via temporal lobe (Meyer’s loop) to lingual gyrus

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12
Q

LGN Upper Retinal fibers

A

Carry information from lower contralateral visual field project to parietal lobe to cuneus gyrus

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13
Q

Normal pressures in cardiac chambers (Just read)

A 
R. atrium=min: 0 max: 8
R. Ventricle=min: 4 max:25
Pulmonary artery=min:9 max:25
Left atrium= min:2 max:12
Left ventricle=min: 9 max: 130
Aorta=min:70 max:130
Generally Left is greater than right
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14
Q

Anterior Wall MI (LAD) leads

A

V1-V4

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15
Q

Anteroseptal infarct (LAD) leads

A

V1-V2

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16
Q

Anterolateral infarct (LAD or LCX) leads

A

V4-V6

17
Q

Lateral wall infarct (LCX) leads

A

I, aVL

18
Q

Inferior wall infarct (RCA) leads

A

II, III aVF

19
Q

GLUT-4

A

Insulin dependent glucose transporter

Adipose tissue and skeletal muscle

20
Q

GLUT 1

A

Insulin independent glucose transporter

RBCs, brain, cornea

21
Q

GLUT-5

A

Insulin independent glucose transporter

Fructose: spermatocytes, GI tract

22
Q

GLUT-2

A

Insulin independent glucose transporter

Biderictional

B-islet cells, liver, kidney, small intestine

23
Q

Phenylalanine derives into..

A 
Tyrosine (via BH4) 
to Dopa (via BH4)
To dopamine (via Vit. B6)
To NE (via vitamin C)
To Epinephrine (via SAM)
24
Q

Tryptophan derives into

A

Niacin via Vitamin B6 to NAD/NADP

Serotonin via BH4 and Vitamin B6 to melatonin

25
Q

Histadine derives into

A

Histamine via vitamin B6

26
Q

Glycine derives into

A

Porphyrin via Vitamin B6

Heme

27
Q

Glutamate derives into

A

GABA via vitamin B6

And Glutathione

28
Q

Arginine derives into

A

Creatinine

Urea

Nitric Oxide (via BH4)

29
Q

Essential Amino Acids

A

Gluogenic: methionine, valine and histidine
Gluocgenic/ketogenic: isoleucine, phenylalanine, threonine
Ketogenic: lysine and leucine

30
Q

Acidic amino acids

A

Aspartic acid and glutamic acid

Negatively charged at body pH

31
Q

Basic Amino acids

A

Arginine, lysine, histidine

His has no charge at body pH

Arg and His needed in times of growth
Arg and Lys in histones

32
Q

Apolipoprotein E

A

Mediates Remnant uptake

On everything but LDL

33
Q

Apolioprotein A-I

A

Activates LCAt (cholesterol esterification)

HDL

34
Q

Apolipoprotein C-II

A

Lipoprotein lipase cofactor

35
Q

Apolipoprotein B-48

A

Mediates Chylomicron secretion and return remnants to liver

36
Q

Apolipoprotein B-100

A

Binds LDL receptor-LDL particle uptake by liver cells

Step 1 Fast Facts (12 decks)

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