PHYS 3 Fertilization and Implantation Flashcards
fertilization
accomplishes both?
fert typically occurs on day? of ?
transport of gametes
following ovulation the ____ of _____ sweep over ovarian surface and pick up ______?
spermatozoa present in the male ejaculate enter vagina near the _____ and must reach the _____________________?????
sperm transport is largely dependent on?
transport of gametes
what is required of the sperm in ejaculate for successful fert?
how many reach oviduct?
infertile?
transport of gametes
important regulator of sperm transport?
what hormone helps this? 2 functions?
capacitation
what is it? occurs largely in?
what reaction?
capacitated sperm reach the egg where? has an expanded?
sperm must breach what 3 barriers?
fertilization 1-4
- sperm head passes the ____ cells and attaches to ______ that surrounds oocyte. what interaction?
- _______ reaction. increased what triggers what to happen?
- spermatozoon penetrates what?
- what fuse?
fertilization 5-8
- cell membranes of sperm and oocyte fuse
- triggers what. reaction? initiated by? causes what to happen? prevents?
- completion of? due to? results in formation of?
- sperm nucleus does what and transforms into?
- what happens?
meiotic cell division and sperm fusion
pronuclear formation and first embryonic cleavage
activated egg completes what division? as sperm decondenses forming what?
once egg completed meiosis what forms?
male and female dna do what? while?
once they contact each other?
what represents end of fert and beginning of embryonic development?
1st week embryogenesis occurs within?
1st two cleavages take how ling? by 3rd day what stage?
4/5?
implantation occurs wheN?
cleavage stages in embryos
outer cells of morula become bound together through?
blastocyst from inside of? due to?
outer cells of blastocyst become what? some cells remain trapped in interior become?
ICM potency? ultimately form?
Trophectoderm will form?
uterine secretions nourish what promote what and prepare it for?
uterine glandular epithelium synths and secretes what?
presence and action of what may determine extent of implantation window?
what are they? appear when? development enhanced by? inhibited by?early stages this does what?
blastocyst secretes substances that?
blastocyst must avoid what by maternal immune system?
so releases? (2)
hCG prevents what by doing what?
blastocyst synths and secretes what?
one of most important factors secreted by syncytiotrophoblasts before and after implantation
closely related to?
sustains what? in presence of?
hCG is an ______ growth factor that promotes what growth and development?
overview of implantation
trophoblasts secrets? this digests what? this allows what to happen?
eventually trophoblasts differentiate into?
implantation is initiated when?