Phototherapy Flashcards
What is phototherapy primarily used to treat?
Neonatal jaundice
Jaundice in newborns is characterized by elevated bilirubin levels in the blood.
What condition can result from high bilirubin levels if untreated?
Kernicterus
Kernicterus is bilirubin-induced neurological damage.
What is the mechanism of action of phototherapy?
Converts bilirubin into lumirubin
Lumirubin is water-soluble and can be excreted in urine and stool.
What type of light is used in conventional phototherapy?
Fluorescent or halogen lamps
Newborns are placed under these light sources to maximize skin exposure.
What are the advantages of LED phototherapy?
Energy-efficient and produces less heat
LED phototherapy has become more common due to its effectiveness.
What is fiberoptic phototherapy?
Involves a fiberoptic blanket or pad
This method allows flexibility in positioning the infant.
What is the first step in the phototherapy procedure?
Positioning the infant to maximize skin exposure
Eye protection is also ensured to prevent retinal damage.
Why is monitoring bilirubin levels important during phototherapy?
To assess the effectiveness of the therapy
Regular blood tests are done for monitoring.
What should be maintained during phototherapy regarding the infant’s health?
Adequate hydration and nutrition
Increased bilirubin excretion can lead to fluid loss.
What is a common side effect of phototherapy?
Skin rash
Other side effects may include dehydration or changes in bowel movements.
When is phototherapy typically discontinued?
Once bilirubin levels decrease to a safe range
Decisions are based on specific thresholds and the infant’s clinical status.
Fill in the blank: Phototherapy is an effective and non-invasive treatment for _______.
Neonatal jaundice
It helps prevent complications associated with high bilirubin levels.
True or False: Phototherapy can lead to significant complications if not monitored properly.
True
Careful monitoring ensures safety and efficacy.
What is the role of eye protection during phototherapy?
To prevent retinal damage
Newborns are often given appropriate eye covers.
