Photosynthesis Flashcards
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide + Water ——> Oxygen + Glucose
What is the symbol equation?
6CO2 + 6H2O ——> 6O2 + C6H12O6
Why is photosynthesis important?
Provides energy
Plants are food for us
It removes CO2 and releases O2
What type of energy is used?
Light energy
What factors effect rate of photosynthesis?
Temperature
No. of chloroplasts
Concentration of CO2
Light intensity
Why can the rate of photosynthesis plateau?
Because another limiting factor is stopping it from increasing
What were the variables of the photosynthesis investigation?
Dependant- No. of bubbles
Independent- Distance of ruler
Control- temperature and pond weed
What happened every time we doubled the distance of the lamp?
We quartered the light intensity
What did we discover about the rate of photosynthesis in the investigation?
The rate of photosynthesis is inversely proportional to the distance of the lamp from the plant
What is the inverse square law?
1/x2
Why is glucose important?
For protein synthesis For growth and repair For respiration For insoluble starch For strengthening cell walls
Why is insoluble starch good?
Because it doesn’t effect the water potential
What do greenhouses have to speed up photosynthesis?
Clear glass
Artificial heat source
Additional CO2
What must happen for the greenhouse to be profitable?
The cost must not exceed additional income it generates
What is transpiration?
The loss of water (evaporation) from the stomata
What process does water and minerals move by?
Transpiration
How do water and minerals enter?
- Mesophyll cells lose water due to evaporation
- Cells now have lower water potential
- Water enters by osmosis
- Water is pulled up the stem via the xylem from the roots to the leaves
When do guard cells open and close?
When they are swollen they open and when they are shrunk they close
What can’t happen if the stomata is closed?
Water can’t evaporate
What is the role of the stems?
They support the leaves and flowers and also transports fluids from the roots to the leaves
What is the role of the leaves?
They contain chloroplasts, which help with photosynthesis allowing the plat to grow
What is the role of the roots?
They absorb water and minerals from the soil for the plant
What is the function of the epidermal tissues?
To protect the internal cell tissues
What is the function of the palisade mesophyll layer?
To absorb light
What is the function of the spongy mesophyll layer?
To increase surface area
What is the function of the xylem?
To transport fluids from the roots to the leaves
What is the function of the phloem?
To transport food from the leaves to the rest of the plant
What is the function of the guard cells?
To open and close depending on the conditions
What is the function of the stomata?
To help the exchange of gases
How is the epidermal tissues adapted to suit its function?
Epidermis are thin and transparent
How is the palisade mesophyll layer adapted to suit its function?
Has lots of chloroplasts
How is the spongy mesophyll layer adapted to suit its function?
Has a spongy layer
How is the xylem adapted to suit its function?
Is waterproof and water can travel easily through it
How is the phloem adapted to suit its function?
Has few organelles
How is the guard cells adapted to suit its function?
Has an opening that opens and closes
How is the stomata adapted to suit its function?
Has large air spaces
What are the symptoms of the tobacco mosaic virus?
Mosaic pattern on the leaves
Stunted growth
How do you reduce the spread of tobacco mosaic?
Isolate infected plants
What are the symptoms of black spot?
Black or purple spots
Leaves drop
Reduced photosynthesis
How do your reduce the spread of black spot?
Fungicides
Remove infected leaves
What are the symptoms of aphids?
Wilted leaves
Sap leaks out
Mould
How do you reduce the spread of aphids?
Spray dormant oil to kill the eggs
What is nitrate needed for?
For making amino acids
What will the plant suffer from if it doesn’t have enough nitrate?
Stunted growth
What is magnesium needed for?
For making chlorophyll
What will the plant suffer from if it doesn’t have enough magnesium?
Leaves turn yellow
What is translocation?
The movement of sugars through the plant
What process does sugar/sap move by?
Translocation
