Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Triple science > Cells > Flashcards

Cells Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a cell?

A

The structural and functional unit of living organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does an animal cell contain?

A 
Nucleus
Cell membrane
Ribosomes
Cytoplasm
Mitochondria
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What a plant cell contain?

A 
Cell wall
Cell membrane
Nucleus
Chloroplasts
Vacuole
Ribosomes
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

Controls all activities of the cell and contains the DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a ribosome?

A

Makes proteins for the cell?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is cytoplasm?

A

Chemical reactions needed for life occur in the liquid gel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a cell membrane?

A

It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is mitochondria?

A

Helps in respiration releasing energy for the cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a cell wall?

A

A firm non- living box around the cell to provide strength and structure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the vacuole?

A

A large space containing cell sap to keep the cell rigid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a chloroplast?

A

It contains chlorophyll which helps with photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does a bacterial cell contain?

A 
Free floating DNA
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Ribosomes
Plasmids
Cytoplasm
Flagellum
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a plasmid?

A

A small strand of DNA found in a bacterial cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why does it have a flagellum?

A

To help rotate the cell so it can move

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is a eukaryotic cell?

A

A cell with a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is a prokaryotic cell?

A

A cell with no nucleus and free floating DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do u find the order of magnitude?

A

Bigger number/ smaller number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Name advantages and disadvantages of the light microscope

A

Uses beams of light- A
Is cheap-A
Needs light source-D
2D image-D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Name advantages and disadvantages of the electron microscope

A

Better resolution- A
3D image- A
Magnify up to 2mil times- A
Very expensive- D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the equation for magnification?

A

Mag= size of image/ size of real object

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Function of the sperm

A

To fertilise the egg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Function of the red blood cell

A

To transport oxygen around the body through the blood

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Function of the palisade cell

A

To help with photosynthesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Function of the root hair cell

A

To absorb water and minerals for the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Function of the epithelia cell

A

To free trapped mucus and particles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

Function of the fat cell

A

To break down fat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Function of the xylem

A

To carry water from the roots to the leaves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Function of the phloem

A

To transport food from the leaves to the rest of the plant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

How is the red blood cell adapted?

A

Has no nucleus
Large surface area
Contains haemoglobin to pick up oxygen

30
Q

How is the palisade cell adapted?

A

Large surface area

Lots of chloroplasts

31
Q

How is the root hair cell adapted?

A

Large surface area

Thin cell wall

32
Q

How is the epithelia cell adapted?

A

Has tails and cilia

Large surface area

33
Q

How is the fat cell adapted?

A

Big fat store

34
Q

How does bacteria multiply?

A

Binary fission

35
Q

What type of reproduction occurs with bacteria?

A

Asexual

36
Q

What is a nucleus?

A

Contains genetic information

37
Q

What are genes?

A

Short sections of DNA that code for one protein or characteristic

38
Q

What are gametes?

A

Sex cells

39
Q

What are chromosomes?

A

Large molecules of DNA, which have a double helix structure

40
Q

How many chromosomes does a sex cell have?

A

23

41
Q

Order chromosome, nucleus, gene and cell starting with the smallest

A

Gene
Chromosome
Nucleus
Cell

42
Q

What is a stem cell?

A

A cell that can become any other cell

43
Q

Where are stem cells found?

A

Bone marrow and embryos

44
Q

What can stem cells be used for?

A

Nerve cells
Heart muscles
Growing new plants
Test new drugs

45
Q

What is differentiation?

A

As organisms develop cells become specialised for a particular function

46
Q

Reasons for using embryo stem cells

A

Cure lots of people and deadly diseases

Adult stem cells may be rejected

47
Q

Reasons against using embryo stem cells

A

Killing a human
Transfer diseases
Religion

48
Q

Describe therapeutic cloning

A

You take a donor’s egg cell and a patient’s body cell
Remove both nucleus’ and fuse the patients into the donors
The cell the divides and becomes an embryo
Stem cells are grown
The cell specialises and is given to the patient

49
Q

What is a diploid?

A

Pairs of chromosomes

50
Q

What is a haploid?

A

Half number of chromosomes

51
Q

Why do cells need to divide?

A

To regrow
Replace worn out cells
Repair damaged tissue

52
Q

What is it called when cells divide?

A

Mitosis

53
Q

Describe mitosis

A 
Parent cell duplicates it chromosomes
They line up in the middle
The spindle fibres pull them to the poles
Cell membrane and cytoplasm pinches
Forms tow identical daughter cells
54
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The movement of particles from a high to a low concentration until equilibrium is met

55
Q

Where does diffusion happen in?

A

Liquids and gases

56
Q

What type of process is diffusion?

A

Passive so it requires no energy

57
Q

What factors affect diffusion?

A

Temperature- Particles have ore energy
Surface area- how much space there is to diffuse
Concentration gradient- The difference between the concentrations

58
Q

Where does diffusion happen in the body?

A

Lungs

Small intestine

59
Q

State three feature of the alveoli that make it perfect for diffusion

A

Good blood supply
Large surface area
Only one cell thin

60
Q

How does diffusion happen in the small intestine?

A

Glucose move out of the intestine into the blood
Waste remains
Villi is present to increase the surface area

61
Q

State why gills are perfect for diffusion

A

Only a few cells thin
Blood capillaries
Lots of filaments covered in leathery lamella for large surface area

62
Q

State why leaves are perfect for diffusion

A

Flat, thin and large surface area

Spongey mesophyll layer increase the area for gas to exchange

63
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of substances from a more dilute to a more concentrated solution

64
Q

What type of process is active transport?

A

It is produced during respiration so it requires energy

65
Q

Where does active transport occur?

A

Small intestine- gut to the blood

Root hair cell- soil to the roots

66
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water from a dilute to a more concentrated solution through a partially permeable membrane

67
Q

What is hypotonic?

A

When the concentration surrounding the cell is lower

68
Q

What is hypertonic?

A

When the concentration surrounding the cell is higher

69
Q

What is isotonic?

A

When the concentrations are the same

70
Q

What is turgid?

A

When water enters the cell causing it to swell

71
Q

What is plasmolysis?

A

When water leaves the cell making it shrivel up

Triple science (8 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions