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National Five Biology > Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Photosynthesis Flashcards

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1
Q

What is photosynthesis

A

green plants convert light energy from the sun into chemical energy (glucose)
- produce their own food

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2
Q

where is light energy trapped

A

chlorophyll

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3
Q

where can you find chlorophyll in a cell

A

chloroplasts

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4
Q

what is the word equation of photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide and water
+ light energy and chlorophyll
=glucose and oxygen

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5
Q

what are the raw materials needed for photosynthesis

A

carbon dioxide and water

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6
Q

what are the products produced from photosynthesis

A

glucose and oxygen

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7
Q

what are the two stages of photosynthesis called

A

light reaction
carbon fixation

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8
Q

Stage one light reactions

A

light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll
this is then converted into chemical energy
some energy is used to split water into hydrogen and oxygen
oxygen diffuses out of cell
hydrogen passes on to carbon fixation
the rest of the energy is used for ATP which is passed onto stage two

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9
Q

what is the chemical energy in stage one stored as

A

ATP
it is an energy storing molecule

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10
Q

what is needed from stage one for stage two

A

hydrogen and ATP

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11
Q

what happens to the oxygen produced in stage one

A

it diffused out of the cell as a by product

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12
Q

state the process of carbon fixation

A

carbon dioxide +. hydrogen
(from the air ). (from stage one)

undergo a series of enzyme controlled reactions
energy from the reactions is released by atp from stage one

the final product is glucose

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13
Q

where does stage two occur in a plant cell

A

chloroplast - stroma

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14
Q

what molecule supply’s the energy required for stage two

A

ATP

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15
Q

what molecule from the air is used in stage two

A

carbon dioxide

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16
Q

what special “biological catalysts “ control the reactions in stage two

A

enzymes

17
Q

what is the product from carbon fixation

A

Glucose

18
Q

what is the bi product from stage one

A

oxygen

19
Q

Why is photosynthesis important for animals

A

start of every food chain
provide a food source
provide oxygen to the atmosphere for us to breathe

20
Q

What stage does not require energy

A

carbon fixation

21
Q

name the three thing glucose can be used for

A

broken down into chemical energy - respiration
converted into starch - for storage
converted into cellulose - for cell structure

22
Q

why is glucose used as respiration

A

to give the cell energy for other processes

23
Q

why is glucose converted into starch

A

to allow plants to store starch as it is a larger insoluble molecule

24
Q

what is the plant cell wall made out of

A

cellulose

25
Q

why is glucose converted into cellulose

A

so they can be woven into complex strong structures
it is the main component in plant cell walls

26
Q

what is the process of testing a leaf for starch

A

boil leaf - softens leaf and kills cells
collect a test tube of ethanol
put the leaf in the ethanol and leave to rest - the ethanol will remove green colour
remove an rinse leaf
add iodine

27
Q

how do green plants store glucose

A

as starch

28
Q

what is a limiting factor

A

anything in short supply that prevents a reaction or process occurring at its maximum rate

29
Q

what are the limiting factors of photosynthesis

A

light intensity
carbon dioxide concentration
tempreture

30
Q

why might the rate of photosynthesis be reduced at very high tempreture

A

because the enzymes have reached their optimum activity

31
Q

how does concentration graphs work

A

as carbon dioxide concentration increase so does the rate of photosynthesis until it becomes steady this is when something else is the issue the same with light intensity

32
Q

what is the name of the process which plants use to make food

A

photosynthesis

33
Q

what is the end product of stage two

A

glucose

34
Q

what chemical is used to test for the storage form of glucose
state the colour change

A

iodine solution
orange to black

National Five Biology (18 decks)

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