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National Five Biology > Distribution of organisms > Flashcards

Distribution of organisms Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the name of the living factors which affect the distribution of organisms

A

Biotic factors

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2
Q

Which is the name for the non living components which affects an organism

A

abiotic factors

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3
Q

name five biotic factors

A

food availability
disease
predators
competition for resources
grazing

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4
Q

name four abiotic factors

A

temperature
soil moisture
light intensity
Soil ph

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5
Q

What is the instrument used to measure light intensity

A

Light metre

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6
Q

what is a source of error when using a light metre and how to minimise error

A

shadow cast on metre
avoid casting a shadow on the metre

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7
Q

what is the instrument used to measure temp

A

thermometer

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8
Q

what is a source of error and ways to minimise when measuring temp

A

damp or dirty probe
clean probe between readings

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9
Q

what is the instrument used to measure Ph

A

Ph metre

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10
Q

what is a source of error and ways to minimise when measuring soil ph

A

damp or dirty probe
clean probe between readings

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11
Q

what is the instrument used to measure soil moisture?

A

Moisture meter

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12
Q

what is a source of error and ways to minimise when measuring soil moisture

A

Damp or dirty probe
clean probe between readings

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13
Q

why do you repeat a test

A

to make the results more reliable

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14
Q

what is used to sample plants

A

Quadrats

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15
Q

what do you have to make sure when taking a sample when using quadrats

A

equal in size
chosen at random

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16
Q

what do you count when using quadrats

A

we count the number of squares the organism appears in

17
Q

what is used to measure small invertebrates

A

pitfall traps

18
Q

what is a source of error when using pitfall traps

A

traps not camouflaged
traps too shallow
traps aren’t covered up

19
Q

why should a pitfall trap be covered

A

so that it is dark and so plants can’t fly out or be eaten by birds before being counted

20
Q

why is it important to regularly check pitfall traps

A

to ensure organisms don’t escape or get eaten before being counted

21
Q

why are keys used

A

to identify unknown organisms

22
Q

name the two different types of keys

A

branched key
paired statement key

23
Q

what human activities can cause a decrease in biodiversity

A

pollution - air and water
habitat destruction- deforestation
overfishing
intensive agriculture

24
Q

what is intensive agriculture

A

aims to produce as much yeild as possible by using chemicals in order to feed the growing population

25
Q

whose presence or absence indicates the level of pollution in an environment

A

indicator species

National Five Biology (18 decks)

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