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Phonetics theory > Phonological Analysis > Flashcards

Phonological Analysis Flashcards

1
Q

What is the phonological system?

A

What are the vowels and consonants

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2
Q

What are phonological assessments?

A

STAP, DEAP, EAT, CLEAR

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3
Q

What happens in phonological assessments?

A

Child names pictures and therapist transcribes

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4
Q

What are natural features?

A

Easier to articulate

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5
Q

What is markedness?

A

Phonetically more complex, less common across languages (th)

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6
Q

What is thought to be the most natural syllable shape?

A

CV

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7
Q

What are plosives more natural than?

A

Fricatives

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8
Q

What is more natural:

Voiced or voiceless?

A

Voiceless

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9
Q

What is the exception for voiceless over voiced?

A

Approximants

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10
Q

What is a phonological process?

A

“Processes convert a difficult aspect of phonology into something (the target sound) that is phonologically similar but less difficult or challenging to produce” (McLeod & Baker, 2017, my addition in brackets)

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11
Q

Are natural phonological processes learned?

A

No they are innate

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12
Q

What affects syllable structure?

A

Repetition, deletion, reduction etc

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13
Q

What happens in weak syllable deletion with multisyllabic words?

A

Unstressed syllable is deleted

3;6-4

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14
Q

What happens with reduplication?

A

Repetition of syllable( usually first) repeated in place of other syllables

2-2;6

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15
Q

What happens in Final consonant deletion?

A

Deletion of consonant in WF position. Consonant is deleted.

Disappears 3;3-3;6

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16
Q

What happens in cluster reduction?

A

More than 1 consonant in coda ( WI, WM, WF)
One of these is deleted.
(Stop)- [top]
3-4;0

17
Q

What is removed in plosive + approximant

A

Approximant

18
Q

What is removed in fricative + approximant

A

Approximant

19
Q

What is removed in /s/ + plosive/nasal

A

/s/

20
Q

/s/ + approximant, what is removed?

A

Either

21
Q

What is epenthesis

A

Insertion of segment in middle of a word

[peliz]

22
Q

What is metathesis?

A

Reversal of consonant position

Aminal

23
Q

What processes affects system?

A

Processes that describe the changes to consonants or vowels in a word
-Typically, a marked feature replaced with easier feature

24
Q

What is fronting?

A

Target consonant produced at an anterior position. velar consonants (VELAR FRONTING) at alveolar
post-alveolar (PALATAL FRONTING) at alveolar

Goat [dot]
Sheep [sip]

25
Q

What is stopping: fricatives?

A

Target fricatives produces as homorganic plosive

Sea [ti]
Zoo [du]

26
Q

What is stopping: affricates?

A

Target affricate produced as (near) homorganic plosive

J- [d]

27
Q

What is deaffrication?

A

Substitution of an affricate with a fricative

28
Q

What is gliding

A

Liquid sounds : /l/ & /r/
Produced as glide /j/ & /w/

Ring- [win]

29
Q

What is Context sensitive voicing: PRE-VOCALIC VOICING?

A

The loss of voice/voiceless contrast

/p/-[b], /t/-[d]

30
Q

What is Context sensitive voicing: POST-VOCALIC DEVOICING?

A

Substitution of voiced with voiceless in SF position

Bag- [bak]
Love- [l^f]

31
Q

What is Consonant Cluster Simplification

A

Substitution of one or more consonants with an easier consonant ( marked replaced with natural0

32
Q

What is alveolarisation?

A

Substitution of labiodental consonant with an alveolar consonant
Feet – /fit/ ~ [sit]
Thumb – /θʌm/ ~ [sʌm]

33
Q

What is vocalisation?

A

Substitution of syllabic consonant such as /l/ with a vowel

Apple – [apo]

34
Q

What is labialisation?

A

Substitution of a non-labial consonant with a labial (labiodental or bilabial) consonant.
Sun - /sʌn/ ~ [fʌn]

35
Q

What is stopping of liquids?

A

Substitution of a liquid consonant with a plosive consonant

Run - /ɻʌn/ ~ [dʌn]

36
Q

What ate atypical phonological processes?

A

Processes that are atypical in English phonological development (some examples)

37
Q

What is INITIAL consonant deletion

A

First consonant in SI WI position is deleted

Phonetics theory (11 decks)

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