✅Anatomy Of Speech Production Flashcards
What is another word for the production of speech sounds?
Articulation
What are articulators?
Parts of the speech production mechanism that create articulations.
What are the lips made up of?
Tissue, blood vessels, glands, nerves and muscle
What is the difference between the upper and lower lip, why?
Lower lip is more mobile and bigger than upper due to position and affected by mandible
What is the groove on upper lip called?
Philtrum
Name and give examples of the 4 lip positions in speech
Close rounding - ‘too’
Open rounding - ‘caught’
Spreading - ‘keep’
Neutral - ‘butter’
What are the three Sections of the pharynx?
Nasopharynx-pharynx
Oro-pharynx
Laryngopharynx
What is the velopharyngeal port?
The gap between the oral and nasal cavity
What are the 4 points of the main articulator?
Tongue Tips - Apex ( Apical)
Tongue Blade - Lamina ( Lamina)
Tongue Body- Dorsum ( Dorsal)
Tongue Root
What is capable of fasted movements of all articulators
The tongue tip
What is the oral part of the tongue attached to?
The mouth buy the frenulum ( short in tongue tie)
What is the pharyngeal part of the tongue attached to?
Anchored to hyoid bone
How is the jaw attached?
Hinged at temporomandibular joint
What does the jaw contribute to?
The movement of the tongue and lower lip
What is the name for sounds made with the sides of the tongue?
Lateral
What is the name of the opening between the nasal and oral cavities?
Velopharyngeal port
The following sounds (t, s, n, d, z) are produced with tongue contact at the same place in the mouth, what is it called?
The alveolar ridge
What is the name of the small part of the oral cavity that hangs down from the soft palate?
Uvula
What is the main articulator in speech production?
The tongue
The teeth are involved in the production of which sounds?
F v
What are known as the first articulators
The lips
What have a complex structure?
Lips
The lip muscles have many different what?
Settings in speech and expression
How many lip positions are there?
4
What is the soft palate also known as?
The velum
What is the visible part of the tongue called?
Oral
What is the part of the tongue that we can’t see?
The pharyngeal
What is the tongue tip also known as?
The apex
The tongue blade can also be called what?
The lamina
What can the tongue body also be known as?
The dorsum
What part of the tongue is a pharyngeal part?
The root
What is the place of articulation?
Where a sound is articulated
What is the manner of articulation?
How the sound is articulated
What is a consonant?
Speech sounds that pair with vowels to form syllables and words that involve constriction (closure of the vocal tract)
Name what is involved in each place of articulation:
Bilabial
Labiodental
Dental
Both lips
Top teeth and bottom lip
Tongue and teeth
If there are 2 constructions at the same time, what is the place of articulation called?
Labial velar
What is complete construction?
The air is completely blocked in the oral cavity, the air is stopped
What manner of articulation involves the complete right closure and then a quick release of the oral cavity?
Plosives
Plosives create what?
A burst of sound
In a nasal stop, the oral cavity is closed, but what else is lowered?
The velum
A quick ‘r’ where there is a single quick closing and opening of the oral cavity is what?
A tap
Describe a trill?
A rapid repeated closure
Name the 3 parts to a plosive sound
Approach
Closure
Release
The plosive approach is normally what?
Quiet
What is a period of either silence (voiceless) or buzz (voiced)
Closure in a plosive
What part to a plosive sound is the most noisy and why?
The release because there is an explosive of the held airflow
What is a fricative?
When air is squeezed through the articulated making a hiss
What is closed when a fricative is produced?
The velum
What is a continuous sound?
A fricative
What are wide constrictions?
Constructions where there is no contact between the articulators
What are the two types of approximants
English approximants and later approximants
Where does the air go when a lateral approximant is produced?
The air goes through the sides of the tongue
Where is the closure in a lateral approximant
At the alveolar ridge
What are affricates a combination of?
Plosives and fricatives
What is there a build up of in the nasal cavity?
Mucus
What happens if there is a build up of mucus in the nasal cavity?
It makes it difficult to get air out
