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psycology learning > phobias > Flashcards

phobias Flashcards

1
Q

stages of systematic desensisation
stage 1

A

Functional analysis

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2
Q

what does stage 1 do

A

the therapist and the patient discuss the phobia and identify the triggers for the anxiety

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3
Q

stage 2

A

construction of anxiety heirarchy

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4
Q

what does stage 2 do

A

the therapist works with the patient to construct a hierarchy of fear involving the conditioned stimulus that are ranked from least fearful to most fearful

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5
Q

whats stage 3

A

training in relaxation techniques

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6
Q

what happens in stage 3

A

the patient is given training in techniques such as control over breathing, muscle relaxation or meditation.

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7
Q

whats a key throught in SD

A

It’s thought that it’s not possible to be anxious and relaxed at the same time.

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8
Q

whats stage 4

A

gradual exposure

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9
Q

what happens in stage 5

A

the patient progress is along the fate of hierarchy while simultaneously using relaxation techniques. the client works their way up starting at the least unpleasant and practising their relaxation technique as they go.

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10
Q

when do they move on to each stage

A

When they feel comfortable with this they move on to the next stage in the hierarchy

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11
Q

whats the name of the triangle used

A

anxiety heirarchy

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12
Q

how long does SD normally take

A

4-6 sessions up to 12 for severe

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13
Q

look at a and d for SD and flooding

A

.

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14
Q

what is flooding

A

overcoming phobias by exposure

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15
Q

whats different in flooding comared to SD

A

start right at top of heirarchy

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16
Q

rationale behind flooding 2 pts

A
  • the patients anxiety is maintiained at such a high level that eventually some process of exhaustion takes place
  • if the patient is prevented from avoidance extinction will occur
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17
Q

what are the 3 types of exposure

A

imaginal, virtual reality, vivo

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18
Q

what does flooding involve

A

forced, prolongued exposure to actual stimulus that provoked phobia

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19
Q

what is the biological element to flooding

A

fight or flight response providing us with adrenaline which can only be experienced for a certain length of time

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20
Q

what part of body is responsible for this reaction

A

sympathetic nerveous system

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21
Q

what part of body is responsible for the calm

A

parasympathetic nerveous system

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22
Q

how does this link to flooding

A

patient should learn that the calmer response links to the previous feared object or situation

23
Q

who made the’ implosion theory’

A

thomas stampfl

24
Q

what did he do

A

bombarded patients with detailed descriptions of situations they feared for 6-9 hours

25
Q

who built upon this

A

zev wanderer

26
Q

what did he do

A

he shortened the exposure time to about 2 hours and patients returned for further sessions

27
Q

who else did something similar

A

wolpe

28
Q

what did he do1

A

1960 he put a girl in a boot of a car who had a phobia of enclosed spaces and drove around until she stopped panancking - this worked

29
Q

what did he do 2

A

1969 - he did a similar peocedure using flooding but the clients anxiety intensified and they became hospitalised

30
Q

how does flooding work

A

by combining exposure with relaxation

31
Q

example

A

person whos in extreme anxiety eventually will become exhausted. they cannot avoid the situation and have no choice but to confront it and when panic subsides the fear is extinguished

32
Q

whats different about the therapist conpared to SD

A

they give very little assistance other than teaching them relaxation techniques

33
Q

examples of relaxation techniques

A

progressive muscle relaxation

34
Q

what is the aim of capafons SD

A

to test whether SD is effective as a technique for treating a fear of flying

35
Q

how many people were used

A

41

36
Q

how many in each group

A

21 in the control group 20 in the treatment group

37
Q

how were they assingned

A

randomly

38
Q

what were the groups balenced into

A

age gender and self reported level of fear

39
Q

treatment group stats

A

8 males 12 females mean age 29.65

40
Q

control groups stats

A

9 males 12 females mean age 34.05

41
Q

what questions were asked

A

how afraid
do you travel by plane when there is no alternative way to travel
whilst flying have you ever had any of the following symptoms

42
Q

what was also measured during video clip of plane trip

A

heart rate
palm temp
muscular tension

43
Q

what was controlled in procedure

A

Tested individually in the same room at the same temperature and the same distance from the screen and they were all given time to habituate to the environment before shown the video

44
Q

what was the video about

A

A traveller taking a plane journey beginning with them packing their case and ending with him touching down at the destination

45
Q

how long did the treatment take place across

A

8 weeks

46
Q

what happened during this time period

A

2 1 hour sessions of SD programme a week minimum of 12 maximum of 15 sessions

47
Q

what were the 3 phases
1

A

The first consisted of four sessions in relaxation and imagination training

48
Q

2

A

The second phase had three sessions focusing on the elaboration of the phobic stimulus - travelling on a plane

49
Q

3

A

The third with a minimum of 5 and a maximum of eight sessions dealing with the application of the systematic desensitisation together with stop thinking

50
Q

when was the flight taken

A

7 days following the treatment

51
Q

what recordings took place during simulation take off

A

heart rate
muscular tension
palm temperature

52
Q

what recordings took place on the actual flight

A

self reported fear

53
Q

results

A

90% improved in treatment group and 1 person in control group

psycology learning (5 decks)

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