baddleys study Flashcards
aim of study
to investigate the influence of acoustic and semantic words on learning and recalling in LTM.
lab or field
lab
what school was sample made from
cambridge uni
what department
APRU applied psycology research unit
what type of sample was it
self selected
what was group A
acoustically similar words stm
group b
control group stm acoustically dissimilar
group c
LTM semantically similar
group d
LTM control semantically dissimilar
control variables
hearing tests prior test hearing ability and words were also displayed visually on a projector to control extraneous variables
what year was this study
1966
IV
type of words
DV
number of words subjects could recall in the correct order
how long was the list of 10 words presented for
3 seconds
what was the interference task
digit task 8 seconds to write down digits
what did it prevent
prevented people using there stm and repeating acoustic sim words in head
what happened next
wrote down original list of 10 words in correct order
how many times was this repeated
4
what happened at the end
15 min supprise test
what did this test
conclude that semantically similar group would struggle to recall words as LTM gets confused by semantically similar words
what were the results for semantics
semantically dissimilar did best semantically similar did worst
why
the struggle of encoding semantically similar into LTM shows words are encoded semantically similar into LTM
results for acoustically
quite similar but acoustically similar did worse at the beginning because they attempt to use stm - struggles - worse results but by 4th trial not using stm anymore - no struggle.
what design is this study
independant measures
conclusion of ltm
Long term memory gets confused when it has to retrieve the order of words which are semantically similar as it gets distracted by semantic similaritiesWhen words have similar meanings they actively relate to neutral networks in our brain that already exist creating strong connexions although it can retrieve acoustically similar words as long time memory pays no attention to the sound of words and therefore does not get confused
why is there a slow start to acoustically similar
As we know short term memory encodes acoustically similar and the interference task doesn’t 100 percent block the short term memory straight away as some words linger in the rehearsal loop although In test 4 short term memory is blocked.
what does confusion show
If participants get confused or struggle it suggests that the similarity relates to how memories work for example if they get confused semantically similar when testing long term memory it means that people encode semantically similar.
how many ppts in each group
15-20
how many people was the whole sample
72
