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Phlebotomy > Phlebotomy 7 > Flashcards

Phlebotomy 7 Flashcards

1
Q

substances used to prevent sepsis (presence of microorganisms and their toxic products in the blood stream); ie. 70% isopropyl alcohol (isopropanol), povidone-iodine, benzalkonium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine gluconate

A

antiseptics

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2
Q

chemical substances or solutions regulated by the EPA that are used to remove or kill microorganisms on surfaces/instruments; ie. 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (bleach) with 1:100 dilution on nonporous surface or 1:10 dilution on large spills

A

disinfectants

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3
Q

chemical that kills and inhibits the growth of living organisms

A

biocide

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4
Q

disposal containers for needles, lancets, and other sharps; contains biohaz symbol, rigidity, puncture resistance, leakproof, and locks

A

sharps containers

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5
Q

the end of a needle that punctures the skin

A

bevel

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6
Q

internal space of the needle

A

lumen

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7
Q

number related to the diameter of the lumen (inverse relationship)

A

gauge

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8
Q

closed system where blood flows through the needle inserted in a vein and directly into the tube without exposure to air or outside contaminants

A

evacuated tube system (ETS)

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9
Q

ETS needles that allow multiple tubes of blood to be collected during a single collection

A

multisample needles

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10
Q

sharp with engineered sharps injury protection

A

SESIP

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11
Q

obtains the blood specimen

A

evacuated tube

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12
Q

substance placed in the tube for preservation

A

additive

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13
Q

sterile syringe needle used in an ETS system

A

hypodermic needle

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14
Q

light blue top

A

sodium citrate

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15
Q

red top

A

clot activator

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16
Q

red/light grey top

A

none (discard)

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17
Q

red/black (tiger) or gold top

A

clot activator and gel separator

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18
Q

green/grey or light green top

A

lithium heparin and gel separator

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19
Q

green top

A

lithium heparin or sodium heparin

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20
Q

lavender top

A

EDTA

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21
Q

grey top

A

sodium fluoride/potassium oxalate or sodium fluoride/EDTA or sodium fluoride

22
Q

orange top

23
Q

grey/yellow top

24
Q

royal blue top

A

none or EDTA or sodium heparin

25
Q

tan top

26
Q

yellow top

A

sodium polyanethol sulfonate or acid citrate dextrose

27
Q

allows safe transfer of blood into tubes without using the syringe needle or removing the stopper

A

syringe transfer device

28
Q

indispensable tools for collecting blood from small or difficult veins

A

blood collection sets (infusion sets)

29
Q

butterfly set

A

winged infusion set

30
Q

substances that prevent blood from clotting by either binding (chelating) or precipitating calcium, or inhibiting the formation of thrombin

A

anticoagulants

31
Q

removes calcium from the blood by binding it to form an insoluble salt which then becomes unavailable for coagulation

A

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)

32
Q

prevents coagulation by binding calcium; used for coagulation tests by preserving coagulation factors; 9:1 ratio

A

sodium citrate

33
Q

prevents clotting by inhibiting thrombin and factor X

34
Q

removes calcium and prevents clotting by precipitating calcium in the form of an insoluble salt; usually paired with antiglycolytic agents

A

potassium oxalate

35
Q

prevents coagulation by binding calcium with little effect on cells and platelets; also acts as RBC nutrient preservative by maintaining RBC viability

A

acid citrate dextrose (ACD)

36
Q

prevents clotting by binding calcium; stabilizes pH and provides cells with energy

A

citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD)

37
Q

prevents coagulation by binding calcium; reduces complement by slowing phagocytosis and reducing antibiotic action

A

sodium polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)

38
Q

prevents glycolysis (breakdown and metabolism of glucose by blood cells)

A

antiglycolytic agent

39
Q

preserves glucose and inhibits growth of bacteria

A

sodium fluoride

40
Q

enhances coagulation by silica particles and thrombin

A

clot activator

41
Q

red top; 15-30 min clot

A

serum-separator tubes (SSTs)

42
Q

orange thrombin tube; clots in 5 min

A

rapid serum tube (RST)

43
Q

inert synthetic substance that moves to position in between cells and serum/plasma to form physical barrier

A

thixotropic gel

44
Q

light green top tubes

A

plasma separator tubes (PSTs)

45
Q

white/pearl top tubes

A

plasma-prep tubes (PPTs)

46
Q

royal blue stopper free of trace elements

A

trace-element tubes

47
Q

order in which tubes are drawn in a multi-tube draw; prevents carryover

A

order of draw

48
Q

order of draw

A

blood culture (SPS), light blue, SST, red, green, PST, lavender, grey

49
Q

transfer of additive from one tube to the next

A

carryover/cross-contamination

50
Q

used to remove tissue fluid from the needle; thrown away; always drawn before coagulation (light blue top) tube

A

clear/discard tube

Phlebotomy (14 decks)

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