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Phlebotomy > Phlebotomy 5 > Flashcards

Phlebotomy 5 Flashcards

1
Q

structural composition of the body

A

anatomy

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2
Q

function of the body

A

physiology

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3
Q

standing erect, feet parallel, arms at the sides, and eyes and palms facing forward

A

anatomic position

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4
Q

lying horizontal on the back with the face up

A

supine

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5
Q

lying face down

A

prone

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6
Q

flat surface resulting from a real/imaginary cut through the body in the normal anatomic position

A

body plane

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7
Q

divides body vertically into front/back portions

A

frontal (coronal) plane

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8
Q

divides body vertically into equal right/left portions

A

midsagittal (medial) plane

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9
Q

divides body vertically into right/left portions

A

sagittal plane

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10
Q

divides body horizontally into upper/lower portions

A

transverse plane

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11
Q

large, hollow spaces housing various organs

A

body cavities

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12
Q

posterior; located in the back

A

dorsal

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13
Q

houses the brain

A

cranial cavity

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14
Q

encases the spinal chord

A

spinal cavity

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15
Q

from the point of attachment

A

distal

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16
Q

the point of attachment

A

proximal

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17
Q

anterior; located in the front

A

ventral

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18
Q

house heart/lungs

A

thoracic cavity

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19
Q

houses stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, spleen, and kidneys

A

abdominal cavity

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20
Q

houses urinary bladder & reproductive organs

A

pelvic cavity

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21
Q

muscle that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

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22
Q

state of equilibrium

A

homeostasis

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23
Q

sum of physiological and chemical reactions necessary to sustain life

A

metabolism

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24
Q

destructive process by which complex substances are broken down into simple substances

A

catabolism

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25
Q

constructive process by which the body converts simple compounds into complex substances needed for cellular activities

A

anabolism

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26
Q

command center of the cell because it contains the chromosomes that govern cell activities

A

nucleus

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27
Q

strands making up chromosomes

A

deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)

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28
Q

organizational segments of DNA that can reproduce themselves & are basic units of heredity

A

genes

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29
Q

complete set of DNA containing all genes of the 23 pairs of chromosome

A

genome

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30
Q

cell duplicates itself, its DNA, followed by division

A

mitosis

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31
Q

fat tissue

A

adipose

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32
Q

connective tissue

A

cartilage

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33
Q

covering or skin

A

integument

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34
Q

oil/sweat glands

A

exocrine glands

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35
Q

outermost/thinnest layer of skin

A

epidermis

36
Q

layered

A

stratified

37
Q

fat, scalelike

A

squamous

38
Q

no blood; lymph vessels

A

avascular

39
Q

corium or true skin (inner); made up of elastic & fibrous connective tissue

A

dermis

40
Q

elevations that give rise to ridges & grooves forming fingerprints

A

papillae

41
Q

beneath skin; made up of connective & adipose tissue

A

subcutaneous

42
Q

microscopic

A

histological

43
Q

production of blood cells; occurs in the bone marrow

A

hemopoiesis

44
Q

colorless, viscid liquid in the cavity of joints

A

synovial fluid

45
Q

small sac by joints that is filled with synovial fluid

A

bursa

46
Q

highly complex cells capable of conducting messages in the form of impulses that enable body to interact with internal/external environment

A

neurons

47
Q

threadlike fibers of neurons that carry messages to the nerve cell body

A

dendrites

48
Q

extend out of the neuron and carry messages to next cell

A

axons

49
Q

3 layers of connective tissue enclosing the brain/spinal cord

A

meninges

50
Q

spinal tap where HCWs enter cavity and obtain CSF sample

A

lumbar puncture

51
Q

ductless glands that secrete substances called hormones directly into bloodstream

A

endocrine glands

52
Q

powerful chemical substances that have profound effect on body processes such as metabolism, growth, development, reproduction, personality, and the ability of the body to react to stress and resist disease

A

hormones

53
Q

master gland of the endocrine system; secretes hormones that stimulate other glands

A

pituitary gland

54
Q

hormone that stimulates RBC production when oxygen levels are too low

A

erythropoietin (EPO)

55
Q

too much secretion

A

hypersecretion

56
Q

secrete too little

A

hyposecretion

57
Q

continuous passageway extending from the mouth to the anus through the pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small & large intestines

A

gastrointestinal (GI) tract

58
Q

wavelike contractions of intestinal muscles that helps move through the system

A

peristalsis

59
Q

secrete saliva, which moistens food & begins process of starch digestion

A

salivary glands

60
Q

glycogen storage, protein catabolism, detox harmful substances, and secreting bile for fat digestion

A

liver

61
Q

secreted by the pancreas; controls blood glucose

A

insulin

62
Q

secreted by the pancreas; increases sugar level in the blood

A

glucagon

63
Q

digestive enzyme that breaks down starch

A

amylase

64
Q

digestive enzyme that breaks down fat

A

lipase

65
Q

digestive enzyme that breaks down proteins

A

trypsin

66
Q

sex or germ cells

A

gametes

67
Q

bean-shaped organs located at the back of the abdominal cavity; maintains water & electrolyte balance and eliminates urea

A

kidneys

68
Q

transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

A

ureters

69
Q

hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

A

urinary bladder

70
Q

duct through which urine is discharged.

A

urethra

71
Q

The part of the kidney responsible for filtering and excretion

A

nephron

72
Q

tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney that filters wastes

A

glomerulus

73
Q

when a person breathes in air, it travels to the lungs where oxygen enters the bloodstream in the lungs, then carbon dioxide leaves and is breathed out into the air as exhalation

A

external respiration

74
Q

oxygen leaves bloodstream and moves into cells in the tissues, while carbon dioxide moves out of the cells and enters the bloodstream

A

internal respiration

75
Q

oxygen bound to hemoglobin

A

oxyhemoglobin

76
Q

carbon dioxide bound to hemoglobin

A

carbaminohemoglobin

77
Q

increased carbon dioxide and decreased pH in the blood

A

acidosis

78
Q

decreased carbon dioxide and increased pH in the blood caused by hyperventilation

A

alkalosis

79
Q

throat

A

pharynx

80
Q

voice box

A

larynx

81
Q

windpipe

A

trachea

82
Q

the passages that direct air into the lungs

A

bronchi

83
Q

right with 3 lobes, left with 2 lobes

A

lungs

84
Q

thin, double-layered membrane encasing the lungs

A

pleura

85
Q

tiny air sacs in the lungs where exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place

A

alveoli

86
Q

coating of fluid on alveoli that lowers the surface tension on the walls to stabilize them

A

surfacant

Phlebotomy (14 decks)

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