PHILOSOPHY- 2ND QUARTER

Question 1

How does an argument become INVALID?

Answer 1

• Anomalous
• Not following logical order

Question 2

What is the MINOR TERM?

Answer 2

Subject in the conclusion, found before the predicate

Question 3

What is the Symbol of Minor term?

Answer 3

S

Question 4

WHat is the middle term?

Answer 4

Appear in the Premise but not the conclusion

Question 5

What is the symbol of middle term?

Answer 5

M

Question 6

WHat is the major term?

Answer 6

Predicate found in the conclusion

Question 7

WHat is the symbol of Major term?

Answer 7

P

Question 8

WHat is the rationale behind two fallacies?

Answer 8

Two parts of an agument is matter and form

Matter- content
Form- structure

Question 9

two types of fallacy?

Answer 9

structural fallacies
Fallacies of content

Question 10

What are the eight rules in categorical syllogism

F I M U AN TN D S

Answer 10

Fallacy of:

1) Four terms
2) Illicit Major/Minor
3) Misplaced middle term
4) Undistributed middle term
5) A negative conclusion
6) Two negative premises
7) Double particular premises
8) Stronger conclusion than the premises

Question 11

What is the fallacy of four terms

Answer 11

Three terms only

Question 12

1 term can be expressed in different meanings, true or false?

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Love is blind
god is love
Therefore, god is blind

What fallacy can be seen here?

Answer 13

Fallacy of four terms

Question 14

What is the rule in Fallacy of Illicit minor/ major?

Answer 14

No term may have a greater extension in the conclusion than in the premise

Question 15

Mu + Pp
Sp - Mu
————
Sp - Pu

What fallacy is stated?

Answer 15

Fallacy of Illicit Major/ minor

Question 16

WHat is the rule of Fallacy of Misplaced Middle term ?

Answer 16

The middle term must not appear in the conclusion

Question 17

WHat is the rule in undistributed term?

Answer 17

The middle term must be universal atleast once

Question 18

All congressmen are legislators
All senators are legislators
Therefore, All senators are congressmen

What fallacy is present ?

Answer 18

Fallacy of undistributed middle

Question 19

What is the rule in fallacy of a negative conclusion?

Answer 19

If both premises are affirmative the conclusion cannot be negative

Question 20

WHat is the rule of the fallacy of two negative premises?

Answer 20

No conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises

Question 21

Mu - Pp
Mp - Sp
————
?

What fallacy is stated?

Answer 21

Fallacy of two negative premises

Question 22

What is the rule in the fallacy of double particular premises ?

Answer 22

NO valid conclusion can be derived from two particular premises

Question 23

Some scholars are rich
Some students are not rich
Therefore, Some students are not scholars

What kind of fallacy is stated?

Answer 23

Fallacy of double particular premises

Question 24

What is the rule in the fallacy of stronger conclusion than the premises

Answer 24

conclusion always follow the weaker side

Question 25

what is a strong premise?

Answer 25

Universal Affirmative

Question 26

What is a weak premise?

Answer 26

Particular and negative

Question 27

All mothers are female Some female are beautiful persons Therefore, all beautiful persons are mothers What fallacy is stated?

Answer 27

fallacy of stronger conclusion than the premise

Question 28

Syllogism which contains hypothetical proposition

Answer 28

Hypothetical syllogism

Question 29

antecedent

Answer 29

if

Question 30

consequent

Answer 30

then.

Question 31

Theories on knowledge, He stated that knowledge through recollection (Innate concept of truth) Anamnesis

Answer 31

Plato

Question 32

Theories of knowledge, he stated that the mind is a blank tablet/ empiricism

Answer 32

aristotle

Question 33

Theories of knowledge, He stated divine illumination is innate knowledge and that faith is always aligned in reason, no faith no reason

Answer 33

Agustine

Question 34

Theorries of knowledge, He stated that there is no innate knowledge, the mind is self suffficient/ no divine illumination needed

Answer 34

Aquinas

Question 35

Theories of knowledge, he said doubt everything, the only certainty is man

Answer 35

descartes

Question 36

Theories of knowledge, he said doubt everything, the only certainty is man

Answer 36

descartes

Question 37

Theories of knowledge, knowledge through experience - the mind has the power to perceive reality

Answer 37

John locke

Question 38

Theories of knowledge, there is innate knowledge but it is only visible through the force of attention

Answer 38

Gottfried Leibnniz

Question 39

Theories of knowledge, the mind imposes meaning to reality/ Objects uniform to our knowledge

Answer 39

Immanuel Kant

Question 40

Theories of knowledge, Reason reveals reality, rational is real

Answer 40

George W.F. Hegel

Question 41

ANCIENT PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

Answer 41

COSMOCENTRIC

Question 42

MEDIEVAL PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

Answer 42

THEOCENTRIC

Question 43

MODERN PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

Answer 43

ANTHROPOCENTRIC

Question 44

POST MODERN IS CENTERED ON?

Answer 44

NO CENTER

Question 45

Who stated this, Truth is within 1 - senses form the mind 2 - Those which it perceives by itself Conscience

Answer 45

AUGUSTINE

Question 46

Con in conscience means?

Answer 46

with

Question 47

thentia in conscience mean?

Answer 47

knowledge

Question 48

Reason processing experience 1 - used aristotle 2 - There is no innate knowledge 3 - Sensory is not enough The mind is self sufficient but does not need special divine illumination

Answer 48

Thomas aquinas

Question 49

Finding the foundations of knowledge Methodic doubt - skepticism Doubt is used to attain certainty, to discover truths doubt everything

Answer 49

Rene descartes

Question 50

The rise of modern empiricism senses -> no innate ideas Critique of innate ideas innate ideas = universal understanding not everything is natural imprinted to all * We acquire knowledge through experience *Atom of thought

Answer 50

John Locke

Question 51

The optimistic Rationalist - experience give us truths that are certain and necessary - mind has innate knowledge - the mind must have some sort of knowledge - force of attention - “remembering”

Answer 51

gottfried leibniz

Question 52

The mind makes experience possible critique - “to sort” critique of pure reason - he avoided dogmaticism and skeptcism the mind imposes meaning to reality

Answer 52

IMmanuel kant

Question 53

Radical perspecctivism - there is no real knowledge. - correspondence to the theory of truth

Answer 53

Friedrich Nietzche