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1COM4 SEM 1 > PHILOSOPHY- 2ND QUARTER > Flashcards

PHILOSOPHY- 2ND QUARTER Flashcards

1
Q

How does an argument become INVALID?

A
  • Anomalous
  • Not following logical order
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2
Q

What is the MINOR TERM?

A

Subject in the conclusion, found before the predicate

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3
Q

What is the Symbol of Minor term?

A

S

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4
Q

WHat is the middle term?

A

Appear in the Premise but not the conclusion

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5
Q

What is the symbol of middle term?

A

M

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6
Q

WHat is the major term?

A

Predicate found in the conclusion

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7
Q

WHat is the symbol of Major term?

A

P

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8
Q

WHat is the rationale behind two fallacies?

A

Two parts of an agument is matter and form

Matter- content
Form- structure

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9
Q

two types of fallacy?

A

structural fallacies
Fallacies of content

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10
Q

What are the eight rules in categorical syllogism

F I M U AN TN D S

A

Fallacy of:

1) Four terms
2) Illicit Major/Minor
3) Misplaced middle term
4) Undistributed middle term
5) A negative conclusion
6) Two negative premises
7) Double particular premises
8) Stronger conclusion than the premises

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11
Q

What is the fallacy of four terms

A

Three terms only

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12
Q

1 term can be expressed in different meanings, true or false?

A

True

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13
Q

Love is blind
god is love
Therefore, god is blind

What fallacy can be seen here?

A

Fallacy of four terms

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14
Q

What is the rule in Fallacy of Illicit minor/ major?

A

No term may have a greater extension in the conclusion than in the premise

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15
Q

Mu + Pp
Sp - Mu
————
Sp - Pu

What fallacy is stated?

A

Fallacy of Illicit Major/ minor

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16
Q

WHat is the rule of Fallacy of Misplaced Middle term ?

A

The middle term must not appear in the conclusion

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17
Q

WHat is the rule in undistributed term?

A

The middle term must be universal atleast once

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18
Q

All congressmen are legislators
All senators are legislators
Therefore, All senators are congressmen

What fallacy is present ?

A

Fallacy of undistributed middle

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19
Q

What is the rule in fallacy of a negative conclusion?

A

If both premises are affirmative the conclusion cannot be negative

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20
Q

WHat is the rule of the fallacy of two negative premises?

A

No conclusion can be drawn from two negative premises

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21
Q

Mu - Pp
Mp - Sp
————
?

What fallacy is stated?

A

Fallacy of two negative premises

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22
Q

What is the rule in the fallacy of double particular premises ?

A

NO valid conclusion can be derived from two particular premises

23
Q

Some scholars are rich
Some students are not rich
Therefore, Some students are not scholars

What kind of fallacy is stated?

A

Fallacy of double particular premises

24
Q

What is the rule in the fallacy of stronger conclusion than the premises

A

conclusion always follow the weaker side

25
Q

what is a strong premise?

A

Universal Affirmative

26
Q

What is a weak premise?

A

Particular and negative

27
Q

All mothers are female
Some female are beautiful persons
Therefore, all beautiful persons are mothers

What fallacy is stated?

A

fallacy of stronger conclusion than the premise

28
Q

Syllogism which contains hypothetical proposition

A

Hypothetical syllogism

29
Q

antecedent

A

if

30
Q

consequent

A

then.

31
Q

Theories on knowledge, He stated that knowledge through recollection (Innate concept of truth) Anamnesis

A

Plato

32
Q

Theories of knowledge, he stated that the mind is a blank tablet/ empiricism

A

aristotle

33
Q

Theories of knowledge, He stated divine illumination is innate knowledge and that faith is always aligned in reason, no faith no reason

A

Agustine

34
Q

Theorries of knowledge, He stated that there is no innate knowledge, the mind is self suffficient/ no divine illumination needed

A

Aquinas

35
Q

Theories of knowledge, he said doubt everything, the only certainty is man

A

descartes

36
Q

Theories of knowledge, he said doubt everything, the only certainty is man

A

descartes

37
Q

Theories of knowledge, knowledge through experience - the mind has the power to perceive reality

A

John locke

38
Q

Theories of knowledge, there is innate knowledge but it is only visible through the force of attention

A

Gottfried Leibnniz

39
Q

Theories of knowledge, the mind imposes meaning to reality/ Objects uniform to our knowledge

A

Immanuel Kant

40
Q

Theories of knowledge, Reason reveals reality, rational is real

A

George W.F. Hegel

41
Q

ANCIENT PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

A

COSMOCENTRIC

42
Q

MEDIEVAL PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

A

THEOCENTRIC

43
Q

MODERN PERIOD IS FOCUSED ON?

A

ANTHROPOCENTRIC

44
Q

POST MODERN IS CENTERED ON?

A

NO CENTER

45
Q

Who stated this, Truth is within
1 - senses form the mind
2 - Those which it perceives by itself

Conscience

A

AUGUSTINE

46
Q

Con in conscience means?

A

with

47
Q

thentia in conscience mean?

A

knowledge

48
Q

Reason processing experience
1 - used aristotle
2 - There is no innate knowledge
3 - Sensory is not enough

The mind is self sufficient but does not need special divine illumination

A

Thomas aquinas

49
Q

Finding the foundations of knowledge

Methodic doubt - skepticism

Doubt is used to attain certainty, to discover truths

doubt everything

A

Rene descartes

50
Q

The rise of modern empiricism
senses -> no innate ideas

Critique of innate ideas
innate ideas = universal understanding
not everything is natural imprinted to all
* We acquire knowledge through experience
*Atom of thought

A

John Locke

51
Q

The optimistic Rationalist
- experience give us truths that are certain and necessary
- mind has innate knowledge
- the mind must have some sort of knowledge
- force of attention
- “remembering”

A

gottfried leibniz

52
Q

The mind makes experience possible
critique - “to sort”
critique of pure reason
- he avoided dogmaticism and skeptcism
the mind imposes meaning to reality

A

IMmanuel kant

53
Q

Radical perspecctivism - there is no real knowledge.
- correspondence to the theory of truth

A

Friedrich Nietzche

1COM4 SEM 1 (17 decks)

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