CONTEMP Flashcards
What does it mean to other scholars?
for economist
they would look to changing patterns in international trade and commerce
What does it mean to other scholars?
•For historians
they would look if whether or not globalization is a modern phenomenon
•What does it mean to other scholars?
For political scientists,
they would focus on impact of the forces of globalization
•Globalization is brought about by changes in technology and the political, cultural, and economic aspects of human existence.
TIME: 1980
Agency/Domain:”Internationalization of the State”, INGO’s Keywords: Competitor states, post international politics, Global civil Society
political science
Trade is the oldest and most important economic nexus among nations. Indeed, trade along with war has been central to the evolution of international relations.
who stated this?
robert gilpin
Birth of World Bank
Birth of World Bank
Jul 1944
Birth of International Monetary Fund
Dec. 1945)
Birth of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
oct. 1947
axis powers
Italy, Germany, and Japan
Allied powers
USA, UK, France, and USSR
grants long-term loans for the economic development of less developed countries and war-torn countries
THE WORLD BANK
two institutions of world bank
International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) - for middle and low-income countries
b. International Development Association (IDA)
IBRD STANDS FOR?
international Bank for revonstruction and development
IDA STANDS FOR?
INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ASSOCIATION
for middle and low-income countries
(bank)
International Bank for reconstruction and development
for lowest-income countries
(bank)
international development association
Globalization involves “broadening and deepening of interdependence among people and states”
who stated this?
theodore cohn
Defined economic globalization as “a process making the world economy an ‘organic system’ by extending transnational economic processes and economic relations to more and more countries by deepening the economic dependencies among them”
who stated this? Defined economic globalization as “a process making the world economy an ‘organic system’ by extending transnational economic processes and economic relations to more and more countries by deepening the economic dependencies among them”
tamas szentes
kapag mataas ang pera mas mataas ang huhulog
which orgs is this?
world bank and imf
World Bank and IMF: its money came from its members, they base it on their quota and economic position.
IMF was founded when?
1945
PURPOSE: promote global monetary cooperation and international financial stability
● Rates of currencies were related to gold and
U.S. Dollar ($)
imf
Provide short-term loans to prevent
devaluation and retain the state’s fixed exchange rate in instances of the temporary balance of payment deficits
● Prevents the devaluation of the money of countries (basis: gold and US dollar, as in 1945, babangon pa lang mundo sa giyera, kaya sa US)
imf
Most money comes from its members who contribute based on their size and economic position
● Does not matter if maunlad o hindi
● Short-term loans: dependent on the agreement of the country and that of the IMF (e.g., 5 years, 15 years, 20 years) depending on the capacity
of the state
○ 190 member countries
○ Total of 707 billion SDR or US $1 trillion
(Special Drawing Rights)
imf
Agreement to avoid trade wars by raising protectionist barriers - a strategy of a country to limit exports or imports products para hindi sumobra at hindi mag-hord ng produkto ang isang bansa, to provide opportunities for other countries who have the same products as well na i-export
what org
gatt
general agreement on tariffs and trade
reformed institution from gatt
world trade organization
differences of gatt and wto
in wto - agreements are permanenr
gatt - pagusapan lang
differences of gatt and wto in terms of members Agreement to avoid trade wars by raising protectionist barriers - a strategy of a country to limit exports or imports products para hindi sumobra at hindi mag-hord ng produkto ang isang bansa, to provide opportunities for other countries who have the same products as well na i-export
differences of gatt and wto in terms of membership
gatt - contracting parties
wto - member countries
gatt, It was less powerful, dispute settlement system was slow and less efficient and its ruling could be blocked
true or false
true
wto, It was less powerful, dispute settlement system was slow and less efficient and its ruling could be blocked
true or false
false
WTO is more powerful, mechanism faster and more efficient and difficult to block the rulings
true or false
true
Birth of world bank
july 1944
Birth of International monetary fund
dec. 1945
Birth of general agreement on tariffs and trade
oct 1947
how many countries are part of the brettwood conference?
44
Axis powers are?
Italy, germany and japan
allied powers are
usa
france
uk
ussr
who stated this, Globalization involves “broadening and deepening of interdependence among people and states”
Theodore cohn
who states this, Defined economic globalization as “a process making the world economy an ‘organic system’ by extending transnational economic processes and economic relations to more and more countries by deepening the economic dependencies among them”
Tamas Szentes
One of the factors for a country to become interdependent
True or false
True
grants long-term loans for the economic development of less developed countries and war-torn countries
What is stated?
The world bank
two institutions of World bank
It has two (2) institutions
a. International Bank for
Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) - for middle and low-income countries
b. International Development Association (IDA) - for lowest-income countries
■ Both has the power to provide loans
■ High-income countries are not allowed
what world bank institution, for middle and low-income countries
IBRD
International Bank for Reconstruction and Development
what world bank institution, for lowest-income countries
IDA
International Development Association
Three characteristics of The World Bank
IFC
International Finance Cooperation
MIGA
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
ICSID
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
Three characteristics of The World Bank
IFC
International Finance Cooperation
MIGA
Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency
ICSID
International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes
Intensification of worldwide social relations which link distance localities in such a way that local happenings are shaped by events occurring many miles away and vice versa.”
Who stated this?
Anthony Giddens
Globalization, “Refers both to the compression of the world and
the intensification of consciousness of the world as a whole.”
Who stated this
William Robinson
Globalization
“Compression of time and space annihilation of
distance”
who stated this?
David Harvey
Globalization, “A way of interaction and integration among people, companies, and governments.”
Who stated this?
Sunny Levin Institute
Time: 1980
Agency: Internationalization of the State (participation of a country outside of its domestic isseus) — International Non-Government Organization
Keywords: Competitor states, Post International Politics, Global Civil Society
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Political Science and International Relations
Time 1980
Agency: IMF, World Bank
Keywords: Debt crisis, Structural adjustment policies
whose definition of globalization is stated?
Development studies
Time: 1980
Agency: Space, Place
Keywords: Local Global Interaction, Glocalization.
*Glocalization: characteristic of globalization happening on a local level.
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Geography
Time: 1970
Agency: Multinational Corporations, technologies, banks, finance hedge funds Keywords: Global Corporations, World product, Global Value Chains, new economy, sovereign wealth funds
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Economics
Time: 1970
Agency: existence of film, media, advertising, ICT (time when technology surges) Keywords: Global village, Mcdonalization, Disneyfication, hybridization
*Best example of how globalization works is Mcdonalization (control, predictability, calculability, efficiency) because it adapts to the country its living in and adjusts the menu based on the country’s preference.
Whose definition of gloobalization is stated?
Cultural studies
Time: 1950 Agency: Ethics
- Timeframe: post-world war 2 (1945) Keywords: Global problems, global ethics
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Philosophy
Time: 1800
Agency: Modernity
Keywords: Capitalism, Industrialism, Urbanization, Nation-states, Conquest of World Market
whose defintion of globalization?
Sociology
Time: 1500
Agency: Modern Capitalism Keywords: Conquest of World Market
- When interacting from one place to another to
exchange goods, integration arises between
countries.
- They interact because of trade which leads to
globalization.
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Political Economy
Time: 3000 BCE (5000 years ago or before the common era)
Agency: population, movement trade, existence of
world religions
Keywords: the widening scale of global, cooperation, global flows
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
History, Historical anthropology
Time: Beginning (from micrcoorganisms Agency: Integration of ecosystems Keywords: Evolution, Global Economy, Gaia
Whose definition of globalization is stated?
Biology, ecology or natural sciences
Scholars would refer to it as ///////// — when globalization ends, we will attain this so-called globality which is the end point.
What is missing?
globality
Who argued globalization through 6 core claims?
Manfred steger
What are the 6 core claims of globalization
- Globalization is about liberation and global integration of markets.
- Globalization is inevitable and irreversible.
- ## Nobody is in charge of globalization.
- ## Globalization benefits everyone in the long run.
- ## Globalization furthers the spread of democracy in the world.
- Globalization requires a global war on terror.
What kind of periphery?,, In between developed and developing
countries.
Semi- periphery
What kind of periphery, Developing countries
● Provides cheap and raw materials as
they do not have the skills and technology yet to produce materials as good as the core countries.
Periphery
People with different beliefs are integrated.
● Although it is idealistic because countries do not
just adapt or allow to adjust to different practices, traditions, and cultures of a different country.
What is stated?
Transnationality and Transnationalism
Some globalization scholars say that culture has to be lessened or abandoned because it is a hindrance to globalization but actually, culture can adjust towards globalization.
WHat is stated?
Global Culture Paradigm
Misconceptions of globalization
Internationalism
Internalization
Globalization
Globalization as liberalization
Globalization as universalization and westernalization
How the states handles its own
what kind of sovereignity?
internal sovereignity
affairs outside the state, what kind of sovereignity?
external sovereignity
United nations was established ?
Oct. 24 1945 \
Primary Organization for International Cooperation, Peace, and Security
What global governance is stated?
united nations
The united nations was ——— before
League Nations
Who established the United Nations?
allied powers
What is the six principle organs of the UN?
The General Assembly
- Security Council
- Economic and Social Council
- Trusteeship Council
- International Court of Justice
- UN Secretariat
Several of the meaning of globalization based on sociologist
true or false?
True
Several meanings of globalization are based on anthropologist.
True or False?
False
in globalization, they will look to changinf patterns in international and commerce.
Economics
In globalization they would look at whether or not globalization is a modern phenomenon.
Historians
who made the world systems paradigm
immanuel wallerstein
this is the paradigm is the intraction of different countries around the world
World systems paradigm
this is the paradigm , as globalization continues there will be more liberalized market producing more jobs.
Global capitalism paradigm
compression of geographic space by means of faster transport and communication
space, time and globalization
people with different beliefs are integrated
transnationality and transnationalism
some globalization scholars say that culture has to be lessened or abandoned because it is a hindrance to globalization.
global culture paradigm
Globalization involves the entirety of a country/ represented by government. Which misconception is stated?
Internationalism
Process of increasing the enterprise of a certain local company in the international market. What misconception is stated?
Internalization
The expansion of the client based of a local business or international market
● Results include increasing the influence of the enterprise of a local market and influencing globalization.
What misconception is stated?
internalization
Process of integration of local markets into one global market.
what misconception
globalization
what are the four elements of state?
- sovereignity
- people
- territory
- government
PCA stands for?
Permanent Court of Arbitration
ICC means
International Criminal Court
Most potent organ of un
security council
Primary Organization for International Cooperation, Peace, and Security
UN
Authorizes force if they determine if a country is an
aggressor.
United Nations
six principle organs of United Nations
T S E T I U
The General Assembly
Security council
Economic and social council
Trusteeship Council
International Court of Justice
UN Secretariat
How many member states in UN?
193 member states
Proovides questions, concerns aboout peace and security. what organ?
General assembly
General assembly leaders
1 president
21 vice presidents
+ yearly elections
Supervise all UN happenings, what organ?
General Assembly
works with the general assembly, what organ?
UN Secretariat
What is the UN secretariat head called?
Secretary General
Secretary general term
5 yr term with 2 term limit
Secretary general is voted on by the general assembly.
True or False?
True
Secretary general is voted on by ECOSOC.
True or False?
False
Secretary general is voted on by general assembly
Carries out day to day acts with other organs
UN Secretariat
Advanced economic, social, and environmental dimensions of sustainable development. what organ
economic and social council
Serves as a gateway to UN’s partnership with the rest of the world. what organ
economic and. social council
economic and social council has how many elected members and with how many year term ?
Has 54 elected members by the General Assembly with a 3-year term. (only elects 18 countries)
For a country to be elected in ECOSOC they have to /
have a high economy to provie economic opportunities to other countries
● The principal organ that UN made for internalization supervision of trust territories that are under the Seven member states. what organ
trusteeship council
When countries in the global south cooperate with each other for further development.
South- South Cooperation
seven member states of the trusteeship council
- New Zealand
- United Kingdom
- Belgium
- France
- Austalia
- United States
- Italy
Judicial organ and only caters UN members. what organ
International court of justice
Settles legal disputes between states and provides advisory opinions on legal authorities. what organ
International court of justice
How many are the judges and their terms in international court of justice?
15 judges with 9 year term
Needs to file to WPS
Permanent Court of Arbitration
Person to person
International Criminal Court
Most potent organ to make legally binding resolutions.
security council
Comprised of military states. what organ?
security council
how many members in security council
15 members where 5 are granted permanent seats
5 permanent seats of security council
People’s Republic of China
- France
- Great Britain
- Russia
- USA
Non P5 are granted how many years in 1 term?
2 years
Non P5 are granted how many years in 1 term?
2 years
The power to determine state sovereignty as conditional, whether it is a threat of the peace, breach of the peace, or act of aggression. what organ?
security council
UN don’t have militaries but peacekeeping forces known as ——— and ———
UN don’t have militaries but peacekeeping forces known as “Blue Helmets” and “Blue Berets”
Previously third world countries but caught up to first world countries in terms of standards.
Newly Industrialized Countries
What are the newly industrialized countries?
Singapore
Hongkong
South Korea
Taiwan
