Phase Diagram (10.4) Flashcards
- Explain the construction and use of typical phase diagram. - Use phase diagrams to identify stable phases at given temperatures and pressures, and to describe phase transitions resulting from changes in these properties. - Describe the supercritical fluid phase of matter.
1
Q
What is a triple point in water phase diagram?
A
- A unique set of conditions at specific temperature and pressure where three different phases of substance, solid, liquid, and gas coexist in equilibrium.
- The substance exist as solid, liquid, and gas at the same time, with phases having the ability to transition freely between each other without changing the overall state of the system.
2
Q
What is the critical point?
A
- At a specific temperature and pressure, the substance’s liquid and gas phases merge into one, creating a supercritical fluid with no clear phase boundary.
- Supercritical Fluid: When merged, this fluid contains the properties of a gas and liquid but at the same time they don’t behave like liquid or gas.
- It’s not exactly a liquid because it lacks surface tension, and it’s not exactly a gas because it’s much denser and can dissolve materials like a liquid. Practically no phase boundary.
3
Q
Define supercritical fluid.
A
When a substance is above its critical temperature and pressure. In this state, the substance has properties of both liquid AND gas.
4
Q
What are the properties of supercritical fluid?
A
Fluid-like: It can flow like a gas.
Density: It has a density similar to that of a liquid.
Solvent Ability: It can dissolve substances like a liquid but move through space like a gas.
