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HS Exam 3 > Pharynx and Larynx > Flashcards

Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards

1
Q

covering of pharynx

A

pharynobasilar fascia

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2
Q

what is pharynx

A

tube between respiratory and digestive systems

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3
Q

lining of nasopharynx

A

pseudo stratified columnar epithelia with cilia

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4
Q

lining of oropharynx

A

stratified squamous

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5
Q

lining of laryngopharynx

A

stratifed squamous epithelia

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6
Q

buccopharyngeal fascia

A

covering for movement

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7
Q

structures lateral to pharynx

A

CN IX, X, XI, XII
jugular vein
internal carotid
sympathetic trunk

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8
Q

attachment of superior constrictor

A

pterygomandibular raphe

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9
Q

attachment for middle constrictor

A

hyoid

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10
Q

attachment for inferior constrictor

A

cricoid cartilage

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11
Q

components of inferior constrictor

A

thyropharyngeus

cricohparyngeus

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12
Q

weakest point on pharyngeal constrictors

A

lower inferior constrictor- possible diverticulum formation

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13
Q

3 pharynx elevators

A

stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
palantopharyngeus

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14
Q

pharynx blood supply

A

branches of maxillary and external carotid arteries

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15
Q

pharyngeal arch 3 innervation

A

CN IX

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16
Q

pharyngeal arch 4 innervation

A

superior laryngeal, X

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17
Q

pharyngeal arch 6 inneravtion

A

inferior laryngeal

CN X

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18
Q

what does CN IX innervate

A

stylopharyngeus
taste to posteiror 1/3 of tongue
parasympathetic- otic and ganglion and parotid gland
general sensation to posterior 1/3 of tongue, pharynx, auditory tube, tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, external ear

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19
Q

afferent gag reflex

A

IX

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20
Q

efferent gag reflex

A

X

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21
Q

testing for gag reflex

A

tough posterior tongue

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22
Q

what does CN X innervate

A 
salpingopharyngeus
palantopharyngeus
pharynx constrictors
larynx muscles
cough reflex
efferent of gag, vomit, sneeze
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23
Q

CN X damage

A 
saggy soft palate
contralateral uvula deviation
dysphagia
horseness
dysphonia
no reflexes
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24
Q

CN IX damage

A

loss of taste and sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue

afferent gag reflex

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25
Q

which tonsils are removed in tonsilectomy

A

pallatine tonsils

pharyngeal if enlarged (adenoids)

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26
Q

which tonsils have local flushing

A

lingual

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27
Q

otitis media

A

ear infection spread from nasopharynx to middle ear via Eustachian tube

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28
Q

what nerve is at risk in tonsilectomy

A

CN IX

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29
Q

where can a retropharyngeal space infection spread

A

mediastinum and diaphragm

30
Q

source of respiratory diverticulum

A

foregut

31
Q

endoderm of larynx form

A

epithelial lining and glands

32
Q

what is most of larynx from

A

mesoderm

33
Q

valsalva maneuver

A

closing rima glottidis to increase intra-abdominal pressure

34
Q

rima glottidis

A

opening between true vocal folds

35
Q

vellecula

A

part of larynx between the tongue root and epiglottis

36
Q

vestibule of larynx

A

opening into trachea

37
Q

significance of piriform recess

A

where fishbones can get stuck

38
Q

choana

A

opening between nasal cavity and pharynx

39
Q

sacculae

A

extension of ventricle between true and false vocal folds

40
Q

covering of false vocal fold

A

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelia

41
Q

covering of true vocal folds

A

stratified squamous peithleium

42
Q

single cartilages of larynx

A

epiglottic
thyroid
cricoid
**all cross midline

43
Q

epiglottic cartilage

A

spoon shaped and elastic

44
Q

thyroid cartilage

A

v shaped over thyroid

laryngeal prominence

45
Q

cricoid cartilage

A

lowest cartilage on larynx

46
Q

paired cartilages of larynx

A

arytenoid
cuneiform
corniculate

47
Q

arytenoid cartilage

A

triangluar

behind thyroid

48
Q

cuneiform cartilage

A

posteior most bumps on cartilage across from the epiglottis

49
Q

corniculate cartilage

A

bumps next to cuneiform cartilage

50
Q

cricothyroid muscle function and innervation

A

tenses vocal folds to make high voice

external laryngeal nerve

51
Q

transverse arytenoid and aryepiglottic muscles function and innervation

A

closes rima glottides and pulls the epiglottis down

recurrent laryngeal

52
Q

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle function and innervation

A

abduction of true vocal folds and open rima glottides

recurrent laryngeal

53
Q

vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscle function and innervation

A

shorten vocal cords

recurrent laryngeal

54
Q

lateral cricoarytenoid muscle and innervation

A

adducts vocal cords and closes rima glottidis

recurrent laryngeal nerve

55
Q

internal laryngeal nerve supplies

A

upper 1/2 of larynx mucosa
lower pharynx
taste to epiglottis and tongue root

56
Q

damage to internal laryngeal nerve

A

numb upper 1/2 of larynx
loss of taste to epiglottis and tongue root
no cough reflex

57
Q

external laryngeal nerve supplies

A

cricothyroid muscle

inferior constrictor muscle

58
Q

damage to external laryngeal nerve

A

no high pitched voice

59
Q

testing of external laryngeal nerve

A

patient says “eeee”

60
Q

what artery runs with internal laryngeal nerve

A

superior laryngeal artery

61
Q

what artery runs with the external laryngeal nerve

A

superior thyroid artery

62
Q

what artery runs with the inferior/recurrent laryngeal nerve

A

inferior thyroid artery

63
Q

inferior laryngeal nerve supplies

A

lower 1/2 of larynx sensory

motor to intrinsic muscles EXCEPT cricothyroid

64
Q

damage to inferior laryngeal nerve

A

numb lower larynx
no vocal fold adduction
hoarsness

65
Q

testing of recurrent laryngeal anerve

A

patient says “aaa”

cough reflex

66
Q

arteries to clamp during thyroidectomy

A

supeiror laryngeal
superior thyroid
inferior thyroid

67
Q

cricothyrotomy

A

incision through cricothyroid membrane

68
Q

tracheostomy

A

incision through tracheal cartilage

69
Q

tracheotomy

A

incision without removal of tracheal cartilage

70
Q

what vein do you have to watch doing a cricothyrotomy

A

anterior jugular vein

HS Exam 3 (20 decks)

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