Pharynx and Larynx Flashcards
covering of pharynx
pharynobasilar fascia
what is pharynx
tube between respiratory and digestive systems
lining of nasopharynx
pseudo stratified columnar epithelia with cilia
lining of oropharynx
stratified squamous
lining of laryngopharynx
stratifed squamous epithelia
buccopharyngeal fascia
covering for movement
structures lateral to pharynx
CN IX, X, XI, XII
jugular vein
internal carotid
sympathetic trunk
attachment of superior constrictor
pterygomandibular raphe
attachment for middle constrictor
hyoid
attachment for inferior constrictor
cricoid cartilage
components of inferior constrictor
thyropharyngeus
cricohparyngeus
weakest point on pharyngeal constrictors
lower inferior constrictor- possible diverticulum formation
3 pharynx elevators
stylopharyngeus
salpingopharyngeus
palantopharyngeus
pharynx blood supply
branches of maxillary and external carotid arteries
pharyngeal arch 3 innervation
CN IX
pharyngeal arch 4 innervation
superior laryngeal, X
pharyngeal arch 6 inneravtion
inferior laryngeal
CN X
what does CN IX innervate
stylopharyngeus
taste to posteiror 1/3 of tongue
parasympathetic- otic and ganglion and parotid gland
general sensation to posterior 1/3 of tongue, pharynx, auditory tube, tympanic cavity, mastoid air cells, external ear
afferent gag reflex
IX
efferent gag reflex
X
testing for gag reflex
tough posterior tongue
what does CN X innervate
salpingopharyngeus palantopharyngeus pharynx constrictors larynx muscles cough reflex efferent of gag, vomit, sneeze
CN X damage
saggy soft palate contralateral uvula deviation dysphagia horseness dysphonia no reflexes
CN IX damage
loss of taste and sensory to posterior 1/3 of tongue
afferent gag reflex
which tonsils are removed in tonsilectomy
pallatine tonsils
pharyngeal if enlarged (adenoids)
which tonsils have local flushing
lingual
otitis media
ear infection spread from nasopharynx to middle ear via Eustachian tube
what nerve is at risk in tonsilectomy
CN IX
where can a retropharyngeal space infection spread
mediastinum and diaphragm
source of respiratory diverticulum
foregut
endoderm of larynx form
epithelial lining and glands
what is most of larynx from
mesoderm
valsalva maneuver
closing rima glottidis to increase intra-abdominal pressure
rima glottidis
opening between true vocal folds
vellecula
part of larynx between the tongue root and epiglottis
vestibule of larynx
opening into trachea
significance of piriform recess
where fishbones can get stuck
choana
opening between nasal cavity and pharynx
sacculae
extension of ventricle between true and false vocal folds
covering of false vocal fold
pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelia
covering of true vocal folds
stratified squamous peithleium
single cartilages of larynx
epiglottic
thyroid
cricoid
**all cross midline
epiglottic cartilage
spoon shaped and elastic
thyroid cartilage
v shaped over thyroid
laryngeal prominence
cricoid cartilage
lowest cartilage on larynx
paired cartilages of larynx
arytenoid
cuneiform
corniculate
arytenoid cartilage
triangluar
behind thyroid
cuneiform cartilage
posteior most bumps on cartilage across from the epiglottis
corniculate cartilage
bumps next to cuneiform cartilage
cricothyroid muscle function and innervation
tenses vocal folds to make high voice
external laryngeal nerve
transverse arytenoid and aryepiglottic muscles function and innervation
closes rima glottides and pulls the epiglottis down
recurrent laryngeal
posterior cricoarytenoid muscle function and innervation
abduction of true vocal folds and open rima glottides
recurrent laryngeal
vocalis and thyroarytenoid muscle function and innervation
shorten vocal cords
recurrent laryngeal
lateral cricoarytenoid muscle and innervation
adducts vocal cords and closes rima glottidis
recurrent laryngeal nerve
internal laryngeal nerve supplies
upper 1/2 of larynx mucosa
lower pharynx
taste to epiglottis and tongue root
damage to internal laryngeal nerve
numb upper 1/2 of larynx
loss of taste to epiglottis and tongue root
no cough reflex
external laryngeal nerve supplies
cricothyroid muscle
inferior constrictor muscle
damage to external laryngeal nerve
no high pitched voice
testing of external laryngeal nerve
patient says “eeee”
what artery runs with internal laryngeal nerve
superior laryngeal artery
what artery runs with the external laryngeal nerve
superior thyroid artery
what artery runs with the inferior/recurrent laryngeal nerve
inferior thyroid artery
inferior laryngeal nerve supplies
lower 1/2 of larynx sensory
motor to intrinsic muscles EXCEPT cricothyroid
damage to inferior laryngeal nerve
numb lower larynx
no vocal fold adduction
hoarsness
testing of recurrent laryngeal anerve
patient says “aaa”
cough reflex
arteries to clamp during thyroidectomy
supeiror laryngeal
superior thyroid
inferior thyroid
cricothyrotomy
incision through cricothyroid membrane
tracheostomy
incision through tracheal cartilage
tracheotomy
incision without removal of tracheal cartilage
what vein do you have to watch doing a cricothyrotomy
anterior jugular vein