Meninges, Calvaria, Scalp Flashcards
CN 7 exit
stylomastoid foramen
CN 1 exit
cribriform plate of ethmoid bone
rhinorrhea
CSF leaking out of nose
8 bones of neurocranium
frontal parietal (2) temporal (2) occipital sphenoid ethmoid
14 bones of the viscerocranium
lacrimal (2) nasal (s) maxilla (2) zygomatic (2) palatine (2) inferior nasal conchae (2) mandible vomer
holes in the sphenoid bone
optical canal pterygoid canal superior orbital fissure foramen rotundum forament ovale foramen spinosum
where is the sella turica
center of sphenoid bone
turkish saddle for ridding the butterfly
parts of the sella turica
tuberculum- bump behind the optic chaiasm
hypoglossal fossa- indent where the pituitary sits
dorsum sallae- back of the saddle
clinoid proceses- bed posts surrounding the sella turica
sphenoid bone
butterfly in middle
sella turica
turkish saddle, area in center of sphenoid
tuberculum
bump behind optic chasm
part of the sella turica
hypoglossal fossa
where pituitary sits
dorsum sallae
back of the sella turica
clinoid processes
little things sticking off around the sella turica
bedposts
layers of the scalp
skin connective tissue aponeurosis loose connective tissue pericranium
periorbital ecchymosis
bruising around eyes from laceration to the loose connective tissue layer of the scalp
leptomeninges
pia and arachnoid mater
where is the dural venous sinus
between the endosteal and menial layers of the dura mater
which cranial dura layer is continuous with the spinal dura layer
mengial layer- continuous at the foramen magnum
why doesn’t epidural anesthetic not enter brain
epidural space is not continuous with the brain
the endosteal and the mengial layer of the cranial dura are fused under the skull
cisterns of subarachnoid space
cerebellomedullary
lumbar
location of cerebellomedullary cistern
between the posterioinferior cerebellum and posterior medulla
location of lumbar cistern
L2-S2 where the dural sac ends
structures formed by the dura mater layers
septa
dorsal venous sinuses
4 major septa
cerebral falx
cerebellar tentorium
cerebelli falx
diaphragma sellae
location of cerebral falx
between the 2 cerebral hemispheres
location of cerebellar tentorium
separates cerebellum and occipital lobe
clinoid processes of sphenoid to internal surface of occipital and parietal bones
tentorial incisure
hole in the cerebellar tantorium that the midbrain goes through
space filling lesion common location in adults
supratentorial compartment
uncal herniation
protrusion of the uncut (medial temporal lobe) through the tectorial notch (incisure)
space filling lesion common location in children
infratentorial compartment
falx cerebelli location
between cerebellar hemispheres, attached to tantrum cerebelli
diaphragma sellae location
covers the hypophyseal fossa of the sella turica, over the pituitary
what penetrates the diaphragm sellae
infundibulum of pituitary
location of trabeculae
subarachnoid space
bregma point
intersection of coronal and sagittal sutures
lamda point
intersection of sagittal and lambed sutures
parietal emissary foramen
holes next to the sagittal suture
pterion
intersection of frontal, parietal, sphenoid, and temporal bones
metopic suture
frontal suture that has not yet fused in infants
features of interior of calvaria
sagittal groove
granular pits
grooves for middle mengial arteries
layers of calvaria bone
outer table- compact bone
diploe- spongy bone
inner table- compact bone
emissary veins
veins that pass through all 3 calvaria layers and connect the dural sinuses to the cranial veins
diploic veins
veins in calvaria that drain into the scalp veins or dural sinuses
arachnoid granules
drain CSF back into venous ssystem
draining veins (9)
superior sagittal sinus inferior sagittal sinus straight sinus transverse sinus sigmoid sinus occipital sinus cavernous sinus superior petrosal sinus inferior petrosal sinus
innervation and blood supply of supratentorial compartment
innervation - trigeminal nerve
blood- middle menial artery
innervation and blood supply of infratentorial compartment
innervation- C2-C3
blood- occipital artery, anterior/posterior mental branches of vertebral artery
epidural hematoma
cresent shaped
rupture of middle menial artery
subdural hematoma
follows ducal pattern
rupture of cerebral artery
