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4 Craniofacial biology > Pharyngeal Arches > Flashcards

Pharyngeal Arches Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Pharyngeal arches appear ? weeks as ??? migrate into the head and neck region

A

in 4th and 5th
neural crest cells

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2
Q

Maxilla and mandible form from the ? pharyngeal arch: ?? that differentiates into bone

A

1st
Meckel’s cartilage

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3
Q
A

maxillary process

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4
Q
A

mandibular arch

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5
Q
A

pharyngeal arches

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6
Q
A

frontonasal prominence

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7
Q
A

stomatodeum

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8
Q

what is the stomatodeum?

A

developing oral cavity

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9
Q
A

pharyngeal arches

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10
Q
A

cardiac swelling

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11
Q

the pharyngeal arches only form what?

A

the face, nasal cavities, the mouth, the larynx, pharynx and neck

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12
Q

In week ? the ? pharyngeal arch enlarges and overgrows the ? and ? arches forming an ?? called the ??

A

5
2nd
3rd
4th
ectodermal depression
cervicular sinus

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13
Q

End of week ? the ?, ? and ?pharyngeal grooves and ?? disappear giving a ??

A

7
2nd
3rd
4th
cervical sinus
smooth contour

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14
Q

remember
Typical pharyngeal arch contains

Ectoderm - outside

Endoderm - inside EXCEPT 1st arch

Aortic arch - artery that arises from the trunk of the primordial heart

Cartilaginous rod - forms the skeleton of the arch

Muscular components - differentiates into the muscles of the head and neck

Nerve - supplies the mucosa and muscles derived from the arch

A
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15
Q

what determines which type of neural crest cell develop and migrate into the pharyngeal arches?

Different neural crest cells in each pharyngeal arch leading to different developments

A

homeobox genes

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16
Q

remember

A
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17
Q

what is the name of the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

mandibular arch

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18
Q

what cartilage is in the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

meckel’s cartilage

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19
Q

what bones develop from the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

incus and malleus

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20
Q

what muscles develop from the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

of mastication and anterior belly of digastric

21
Q

what ligaments develop from the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

sphenomandibular and sphenomalleolar

22
Q

what nerve develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

CNV - trigeminal nerve

23
Q

what artery develops from the 1st pharyngeal arch?

A

maxillary

24
Q

what occurs from a 1st pharyngeal arch abnormality?

A

treacher collins syndrome

25
Q

what is the 2nd pharyngeal arch called?

A

hyoid arch

26
Q

what cartilage develops from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

Reichert’s cartilage

27
Q

what bones develop from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

stapes, lesser horn and body of hyoid, styloid process

28
Q

what ligaments develop from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

stylohyoid ligament

29
Q

what muscles develop from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

muscles of facial expression and posterior belly of digastric

30
Q

what arteries develop from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

hyoid artery and stapedial artery

31
Q

what nerve develops from the 2nd pharyngeal arch?

A

CNVII - facial nerve

32
Q

what bones develop from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

A

greater horn of hyoid, body of hyoid

33
Q

what muscles develop from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

A

stylopharyngeus

34
Q

what nerve develops from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

A

CNIX - glossopharyngeal

35
Q

what artery develops from the 3rd pharyngeal arch?

A

internal carotid

36
Q

what arteries develop from the 4th pharyngeal arch?

A

right subclavian artery and aorta

37
Q

what nerve develops from the 4th pharyngeal arch?

A

Vagus nerve

38
Q

what muscles develop from the 4th pharyngeal arch?

A

pharyngeal and laryngeal muscles

39
Q

what bones develop from the 4th pharyngeal arch?

A

laryngeal cartilages

40
Q

between the arches there are pouches

what does the 1st pouch form?

A

middle ear

41
Q

between the arches there are pouches

what does the second pouch form?

A

supratonsillar fossa

42
Q

between the arches there are pouches

what does the third pouch form?

A

thymus and inferior parathyroid gland

43
Q

between the arches there are pouches

what does the 4th pouch form?

A

superior parathyroid gland
and
post-branchial body

44
Q

a Branchial fistula/cyst on SCM muscle is a result of what?

A

2nd arch fails to grow

45
Q

ectopic thymic or parathymic tissue is a result of what?

A

parathyroid tissue doesn’t migrate, parathyroid gland closer to the mouth

46
Q

what does the 1st and 2nd pharyngeal groove turn into?

A

external auditory meatus

47
Q

what does the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th pharyngeal groove temporarily turn into?

A

cervical sinus -> temporary

48
Q

understand this overview

A
49
Q

understand this overview

A

4 Craniofacial biology (20 decks)

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