Pharmacy teaching_ insulin Flashcards
What are the different effects of insulin?
- increase glucose uptake into fat muscle
- stimulates glycogen synthesis
- stimulates triglycerides storage in adipose tissue
- increases protein synthesis
- decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis
- prevents ketogenesis

Pathophysiology of DKA

Examples of long-acting insulin

Example of ultralong insulin

Examples of intermediate insulin

Examples of short-acting insulin

Examples of rapid-acting insulins

Which (2) insulins would we use to treat high K+?
- Actrapid
- Humulin S
As these are soluble insulins
What’s pre-mixed insulin?


e) multiple daily injections → basal - bolus
Reasons
- mimics body’s natural insulin release
Describe basal-bolus regimen

What (other than basal-bolus) insulin regimes are there?


Remember to:
- prescribe by brand
- indicate device and its strength


dinner and bedtime ones are too high
*e.g. lunchtime BM reading relies on breakfast dose
To adjust the dose we look at:
- trends over a couple of days (aim for <15)
- only adjust one dose at a time by 10-20% (1-2 units)

Causes of increased insulin requirements

Causes of decreased insulin requirements


This is mixed insulin with the biphasic release → if we want to make any changes we need to adjust morning one


Pt suffers from hypoglycaemia and is conscious + able to swallow
so e.g. prescribe glucoGel

Management of hypoglycaemic episode
