Pharmacology QUIZ 1 Flashcards
botulinum toxin
class mechanism of action main side effect
spasmolytics
stops release of Ach from the NMJ
dizziness, drowsiness
main side effect of dexamethasone. what is it used for?
prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression
fever and inflammation
naloxone
what is it used for?
mechanism of action
it is used for opioid overdose
opioid receptor antagonist
methadone
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
Mu agonist
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
morphine
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
Mu receptor agonist
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
main side effect of dexamethasone
prolonged use leads to immunosuppression
class: migrane medications
category: triptans
end in “-______”
triptan
succinylcholine
class mechanism of action main side effect
NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic agonist
decreased blood pressure, tachycardia
cocaine
class mechanism of action main side effect
local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels, also blocks reuptake of NE - local vasoconstriction
systemic doses can cause death
baclofen
class mechanism of action main side effect
spasmolytics
GABAb agonist
dizziness, drowsiness
sumatriptan
class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?
migrane medication
5HT1b, 5HT1D agonists
cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm
hydrocodone
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
Mu receptor agonist
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
main side effect of opioids
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
main side effect of spasmolytics
dizziness, drowsiness
ibuprofen
class mechanism of action main side effect
NSAID
reversible COX inhibition
GI irritation (GERD)
local anesthetics end in “-_________”
caine
sumatriptan is a __________ medication. its largest side effect is:
migrane
cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm
gapapentin
class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?
a drug used for chronic pain, also an anticonvulsant
decrease number of VG Ca+ channels on membrane surface
sedation, somnelence
lidocaine
class mechanism of action main side effect
local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels
systemic doses can cause death
main side effect of gabapentin
sedation, somnolence
tubocurarine
class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?
NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist - blocks transmission at NMJ
decrease blood pressure and tachycardia
what is the mechanism of action of antagonist NMJ blockers. name 3
skeletal muscle nicotinic antagonist
tubocurarine
pancuronium
atracurium
butorphanol
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
partial Mu agonist, kappa opioid R agonist
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
aspirin
Class
mechanism of action
main side effect
NSAID
irreversible COX inhibition
GI irritation (GERD)
oxycodone
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
Mu receptor agonist
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
fentanyl
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
mu agonist (100 times more potent than morphine)
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
dexamethasone
class mechanism of action main side effect
steroid
lipocortin inhibiting PLA2, no arachidonic acid made from plasma membrane
prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression
main side effect of local anesthetics
system doses = death
procaine
class mechanism of action main side effect
local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels
systemic doses can cause death
atracurium
class mechanism of action main side effect
NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist
decreased blood pressure and tachycardia
the _____________ can cause seizure activity. why?
you can get this from a black widow
alpha-latrotoxin
Ca++ independent release of NT
the endings “-curium”, “-curonium”, and “-curarine” indicate:
NMJ blockers (antagonist type)
celecoxib
class mechanism of action main side effect
NSAID
irreversible COX inhibition
cardiovascular problems (stroke and MI)
the botulinum toxin results in _______ paralysis, while the tetanus toxin results in ________ paralysis.
this is because botulinum toxin stops ______ release while tetanus toxin stops _______ release
flaccid
rigid
Ach
glycine (blocks inhibitory, everything overexcited)
loperamide
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
less potent Mu opioid agonist (does not cross BBB, commonly used for diarrhea)
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
tramadol
class mechanism of action main side effect
opioid
weak Mu agonist, also inhibits reuptake of 5HT/NE
constipation, decrease in respiratory drive
what is tubocurarine?
main side effect?
NMJ blocker
decreased blood pressure and tachycardia
what is gabapentin used for? (2)
what is its main side effect?
chronic pain, anticonvulsant
sedation, somnelence
dantrolene
class mechanism of action main side effect
spasmolytics
blocks release of Ca++ from SR (ryanodine R)
dizziness, drowsiness
pancuronium
class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?
NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist
decreased blood pressure and tachycardia
main side effect of NMJ blockers
decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia
main side effect of sumatriptan
cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm
