Pharmacology QUIZ 1 Flashcards by Caitlyn Myrdal

botulinum toxin

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

spasmolytics

stops release of Ach from the NMJ

dizziness, drowsiness

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main side effect of dexamethasone. what is it used for?

prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression

fever and inflammation

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naloxone

what is it used for?
mechanism of action

it is used for opioid overdose

opioid receptor antagonist

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methadone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

opioid

Mu agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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morphine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

opioid

Mu receptor agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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main side effect of dexamethasone

prolonged use leads to immunosuppression

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class: migrane medications
category: triptans

end in “-______”

triptan

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succinylcholine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

NMJ blocker

skeletal muscle nicotinic agonist

decreased blood pressure, tachycardia

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cocaine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels, also blocks reuptake of NE - local vasoconstriction
systemic doses can cause death

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baclofen

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

spasmolytics

GABAb agonist

dizziness, drowsiness

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sumatriptan

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

migrane medication
5HT1b, 5HT1D agonists
cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm

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hydrocodone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

opioid

Mu receptor agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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main side effect of opioids

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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main side effect of spasmolytics

dizziness, drowsiness

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ibuprofen

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

NSAID
reversible COX inhibition

GI irritation (GERD)

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local anesthetics end in “-_________”

caine

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sumatriptan is a __________ medication. its largest side effect is:

migrane

cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm

gapapentin

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

a drug used for chronic pain, also an anticonvulsant

decrease number of VG Ca+ channels on membrane surface
sedation, somnelence

lidocaine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels
systemic doses can cause death

main side effect of gabapentin

sedation, somnolence

tubocurarine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist - blocks transmission at NMJ
decrease blood pressure and tachycardia

what is the mechanism of action of antagonist NMJ blockers. name 3

skeletal muscle nicotinic antagonist

tubocurarine
pancuronium
atracurium

butorphanol

class
mechanism of action
main side effect

opioid

partial Mu agonist, kappa opioid R agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

aspirin

Class
mechanism of action
main side effect

NSAID
irreversible COX inhibition

GI irritation (GERD)

oxycodone ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

opioid Mu receptor agonist constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

fentanyl ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

opioid mu agonist (100 times more potent than morphine) constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

dexamethasone ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

steroid lipocortin inhibiting PLA2, no arachidonic acid made from plasma membrane prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression

main side effect of local anesthetics

system doses = death

procaine ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

local anesthetic blockage of VG Na+ channels systemic doses can cause death

atracurium ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

NMJ blocker skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

the _____________ can cause seizure activity. why? | you can get this from a black widow

alpha-latrotoxin Ca++ independent release of NT

the endings "-curium", "-curonium", and "-curarine" indicate:

NMJ blockers (antagonist type)

celecoxib ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

NSAID irreversible COX inhibition cardiovascular problems (stroke and MI)

the botulinum toxin results in _______ paralysis, while the tetanus toxin results in ________ paralysis. this is because botulinum toxin stops ______ release while tetanus toxin stops _______ release

flaccid rigid Ach glycine (blocks inhibitory, everything overexcited)

loperamide ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

opioid less potent Mu opioid agonist (does not cross BBB, commonly used for diarrhea) constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

tramadol ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

opioid weak Mu agonist, also inhibits reuptake of 5HT/NE constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

what is tubocurarine? | main side effect?

NMJ blocker | decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

what is gabapentin used for? (2) | what is its main side effect?

chronic pain, anticonvulsant | sedation, somnelence

dantrolene ``` class mechanism of action main side effect ```

spasmolytics blocks release of Ca++ from SR (ryanodine R) dizziness, drowsiness

pancuronium class mechanism of action main side effect what is it used for?

NMJ blocker skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

main side effect of NMJ blockers

decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia

main side effect of sumatriptan

cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm