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Neuro Exam 1 > Pharmacology QUIZ 1 > Flashcards

Pharmacology QUIZ 1 Flashcards

1
Q

botulinum toxin

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

spasmolytics

stops release of Ach from the NMJ

dizziness, drowsiness

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2
Q

main side effect of dexamethasone. what is it used for?

A

prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression

fever and inflammation

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3
Q

naloxone

what is it used for?
mechanism of action

A

it is used for opioid overdose

opioid receptor antagonist

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4
Q

methadone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

Mu agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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5
Q

morphine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

Mu receptor agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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6
Q

main side effect of dexamethasone

A

prolonged use leads to immunosuppression

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7
Q

class: migrane medications
category: triptans

end in “-______”

A

triptan

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8
Q

succinylcholine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

NMJ blocker

skeletal muscle nicotinic agonist

decreased blood pressure, tachycardia

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9
Q

cocaine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels, also blocks reuptake of NE - local vasoconstriction
systemic doses can cause death

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10
Q

baclofen

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

spasmolytics

GABAb agonist

dizziness, drowsiness

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11
Q

sumatriptan

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

A

migrane medication
5HT1b, 5HT1D agonists
cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm

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12
Q

hydrocodone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

Mu receptor agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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13
Q

main side effect of opioids

A

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

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14
Q

main side effect of spasmolytics

A

dizziness, drowsiness

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15
Q

ibuprofen

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

NSAID
reversible COX inhibition

GI irritation (GERD)

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16
Q

local anesthetics end in “-_________”

A

caine

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17
Q

sumatriptan is a __________ medication. its largest side effect is:

A

migrane

cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm

18
Q

gapapentin

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

A

a drug used for chronic pain, also an anticonvulsant

decrease number of VG Ca+ channels on membrane surface
sedation, somnelence

19
Q

lidocaine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels
systemic doses can cause death

20
Q

main side effect of gabapentin

A

sedation, somnolence

21
Q

tubocurarine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

A

NMJ blocker
skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist - blocks transmission at NMJ
decrease blood pressure and tachycardia

22
Q

what is the mechanism of action of antagonist NMJ blockers. name 3

A

skeletal muscle nicotinic antagonist

tubocurarine
pancuronium
atracurium

23
Q

butorphanol

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

partial Mu agonist, kappa opioid R agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

24
Q

aspirin

Class
mechanism of action
main side effect

A

NSAID
irreversible COX inhibition

GI irritation (GERD)

25
Q

oxycodone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

Mu receptor agonist

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

26
Q

fentanyl

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

mu agonist (100 times more potent than morphine)

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

27
Q

dexamethasone

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

steroid
lipocortin inhibiting PLA2, no arachidonic acid made from plasma membrane

prolonged use can lead to immunosuppression

28
Q

main side effect of local anesthetics

A

system doses = death

29
Q

procaine

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

local anesthetic
blockage of VG Na+ channels
systemic doses can cause death

30
Q

atracurium

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

NMJ blocker

skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist

decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

31
Q

the _____________ can cause seizure activity. why?

you can get this from a black widow

A

alpha-latrotoxin

Ca++ independent release of NT

32
Q

the endings “-curium”, “-curonium”, and “-curarine” indicate:

A

NMJ blockers (antagonist type)

33
Q

celecoxib

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

NSAID
irreversible COX inhibition

cardiovascular problems (stroke and MI)

34
Q

the botulinum toxin results in _______ paralysis, while the tetanus toxin results in ________ paralysis.

this is because botulinum toxin stops ______ release while tetanus toxin stops _______ release

A

flaccid
rigid

Ach
glycine (blocks inhibitory, everything overexcited)

35
Q

loperamide

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

less potent Mu opioid agonist (does not cross BBB, commonly used for diarrhea)

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

36
Q

tramadol

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

opioid

weak Mu agonist, also inhibits reuptake of 5HT/NE

constipation, decrease in respiratory drive

37
Q

what is tubocurarine?

main side effect?

A

NMJ blocker

decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

38
Q

what is gabapentin used for? (2)

what is its main side effect?

A

chronic pain, anticonvulsant

sedation, somnelence

39
Q

dantrolene

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
A

spasmolytics

blocks release of Ca++ from SR (ryanodine R)

dizziness, drowsiness

40
Q

pancuronium

class
mechanism of action
main side effect
what is it used for?

A

NMJ blocker

skeletal muscle nicotinic channel antagonist

decreased blood pressure and tachycardia

41
Q

main side effect of NMJ blockers

A

decrease in blood pressure, tachycardia

42
Q

main side effect of sumatriptan

A

cardiovascular, coronary artery vasospasm

Neuro Exam 1 (23 decks)

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