Pharmacology Of Opioids Flashcards
Which drug are in the benzomorphans class?
Pentazocine, diphenoxylate, loperamide
Which drugs are in the phenylpiperidines class?
Meperidine, fentanyl, sufentanil, ramifentanil
Which drugs are in the diphenylheptanes class?
Methadone and propoxyphene
Which drugs are in the phenanthrenes class?
Morphine, codeine, hydrocodone, oxycodone, nalaxone, heroin, and more
Which opioids are mixed agonist/antagonist (partial agonist)?
Pentazocine, nalbuphine, buprenorphine, butorphanol
Which drugs are opoid antagonists?
Naloxone and naltrexone
Which drugs are opioid agonists?
Morphine, methadone, fentanyl, codeine, hydro/oxycodone, mepiridine
What interactions occur between opioids and sedative-hypnotics?
Increased CNS depression, particularly respiratory depression
What interactions occur between opioids and antipsychotic agents?
Increased sedation; variable effects on respiratory depression; accentuation of CVS effects (antimuscarinin and alpha blocking actions)
What interactions occur between opioids and MAOIs?
Relative contraindication to all opioid analgesics because of the high incidence of hyper-pyrexic coma; HTN has also been reported
Which opioids have greater potency than morphine?
Fentanyl (100:1), buprenorphine, methadone, oxymorphone, oxycodone, hydromorphone, hydrocodone (in decressing potency)
Morphine has greater potency than which opioids?
Meperidine and codeine
What is the function of mu opioid receptors?
Supraspinal/spinal analgesia, inhibition of respiration, slowed GI transit, modulation of hormone and NT release
What is the endogenous opioid peptide affinity of mu receptors?
Endorphins > enkephalins > dynorphins
What is the function of delta receptors?
Supraspinal/spinal analgesia, modulation of hormone and NT release
