Behavior Therapies Flashcards
What is classical conditioning?
Learning is the association of things that take place together in time
When does classical conditioning occur?
When repeated pairing of a neutral event (UCS) with one that evokes a response (UCR) so that the neutral stimulus eventually comes to evoke that same response (the CS and the CR)
What is extinction?
Exitnguishing a learned response
What is generalization?
When other similar stimuli/situations also become the CS for the CR (ex. Albert fearing the white rat and then eventually fearing white rabits, docotrs, and Santa)
What is systematic desensitization?
Pairing a feared stimulus with relaxation to lower anxiety/fear
What is operant conditioning?
Learning is the association of things that take place sequentially
When does operant conditioning occur?
When resposnes that have a positive effect are likely to increase and responses that have an unpleasant effect are likely to decrease
What is reinforcement?
Results in increased behavior
What is punishment?
Results in decreased behavior
“Positive” means that something is what?
Added
“Negative” means that something is what?
Taken away
What is positive reinforcement?
Something is added and behavior increases
What is negative reinforcement?
Something is taken away and behavior increases (ex. Seat belt noise stops when you buckle your seatbelt)
What is positive punishment?
Something is added and behavior decreases (ex. Child is made to kneel on rice after parent discovers lying which decreases lying)
What is negative punishment?
Something is taken away and behavior decreases (ex. Freedom is removed by going to jail after committing crime and crime decreases)
