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Medicine, Year 2, Block 13 (Cardiorespiratory Disease) > Pharmacology of Airways Obstruction > Flashcards

Pharmacology of Airways Obstruction Flashcards

1
Q

Allergic asthma is what Type of Hypersensitivity?

A

Type 1 Hypersensitivity reaction (IgE mediated)

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2
Q

What does the Atopic Triad comprise of?

A

Asthma
Allergic rhinitis
Eczema

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3
Q

Outline the molecular pathway of Asthma

A
  1. Dendritic cells present allergens to Th2 cells
  2. Th2 cells release IL-4 and IL-5
  3. IL-4 causes IgE antibody release which causes degranulation of Mast cells to release histamine / LKTs / prostaglandins
  4. IL-5 leads to Eosinophil activation
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4
Q

In Asthma and in COPD, which immune cell predominates?

A

Asthma: Eosinophils
COPD: Neutrophils

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5
Q

What are the two types of B-adrenergic receptors? Where are they found?

A 
B1 = Heart
B2 = Lungs
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6
Q

What are the three classes of Bronchodilator drugs?

A
  • B2 adrenergic agonists
  • Anticholinergic drugs
  • Theophylline
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7
Q

Give 1 example of a Short-Acting B2 adrenergic agonist

A

Salbutamol

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8
Q

Give 2 examples of Long-Acting B2 adrenergic agonists

A

Salmaterol

Formoterol

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9
Q

Give 2 examples of Anti-cholinergic drugs

A

Tiatropium

Ipratropium

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10
Q

Is Theophylline a long or short acting bronchodilator?

A

Long acting

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11
Q

Is Salbutamol a short or long acting bronchodilator?

A

Short acting

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12
Q

Is Salmaterol a short or long acting bronchodilator?

A

Long acting

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13
Q

Is Formoterol a short or long acting bronchodilator?

A

Long acting

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14
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Montelukast?

A

Leukotriene (LKT) receptor antagonist

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15
Q

What is the mechanism of action of Beclomethasone?

A

Glucocorticoid (GR) receptor agonist, anti-inflammatory

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16
Q

Is Tiatropium a short or long acting bronchodilator?

A

Long acting

17
Q

Is Ipratropium a short or long acting bronchodilator?

A

Short acting

18
Q

Why aren’t steroids given for COPD on their own?

A

Steroids target inflammation mediated by Eosinophils, but not Neutrophils (COPD is neutrophil driven)

Medicine, Year 2, Block 13 (Cardiorespiratory Disease) (20 decks)

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