Pharmacology (GI tract) Flashcards
______ secrete somatostatin and are closely associated with parietal cells.
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
B. D cells
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
________ secrete gastrin and are deep within gastric glands.
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
D. G cells
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
_______ secrete pepsinogen and are activated by an acidic environment.
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
A. Chief cells
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
Which of the following secrete histamine?
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
Which of the following provides a physical and chemical border that prevents autodigestion?
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
E. Mucus cells
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
Which of the following makes the lumen of stomach 2.5 million times more acidic by secreted gastric acid?
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. Parietal cells
E. Mucus cells
D. Parietal cells
Chief cells = secrete pepsinogen
D cells = secrete somatostatin
Enterochromaffin-like = secrete histamin
G cells = secrete gastrin
Parietal cells = secrete gastric acid
Mucus cells = secrete mucus and HCO3-
Which of the following releases somatostatin and creates negative feedback to inhibit gastric acid, gastrin and pepsinogen secretion?
A. Chief cells
B. D cells
C. Enterochromaffin-like
D. G cells
E. Mucus cells
B. D cells
Which of the following secretes gastrin?
A. Parietal cells
B. G cells
B. G cells
Parietal cells = gastric acid
G cells = gastrin
Which of the following secretes gastric acid?
A. Parietal cells
B. G cells
A. Parietal cells
Parietal cells = gastric acid
G cells = gastrin
Gastrin secretion will lead to acid secretion by which cells?
A. ECL cells
B. G cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Chief cells
E. D cells
C. Parietal cells
Autonomic stimulation of which cells will lead to the secretion of gastrin?
A. ECL cells
B. G cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Chief cells
E. D cells
B. G cells
Acid secretion stimulates which cells to secrete pepsinogen?
A. ECL cells
B. G cells
C. Parietal cells
D. Chief cells
E. D cells
D. Chief cells
Somatostatin secretion will inhibit secretions from all of the following EXCEPT?
A. G cells
B. Parietal cells
C. Mucus cells
D. Chief cells
C. Mucus cells
What are the 2 drugs that treat GERD?
Omeprazole and Cimetidine
Which of the following is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) used to treat GERD?
A. Cimetidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Celecoxib
D. Loperamide
E. Docusate
B. Omeprazole
Cimetidine = H2 receptor antagonist
Omeprazole = proton-pump inhibitor
Which of the following is an H2 receptor antagonist used to treat GERD?
A. Cimetidine
B. Omeprazole
C. Celecoxib
D. Loperamide
E. Docusate
A. Cimetidine
Cimetidine = H2 receptor antagonist
Omeprazole = proton-pump inhibitor
Long-term ______ use is a common cause of ulcers.
A. NSAIDs
B. Omeprazole
C. Celecoxib
D. Loperamide
E. Docusate
A. NSAIDs
Which of the following is a COX-2 selective inhibitor?
A. NSAIDs
B. Omeprazole
C. Celecoxib
D. Loperamide
E. Docusate
C. Celecoxib
All of the following are used to treat stomach ulcers EXCEPT:
A. Omeprazole
B. Cimetidine
C. Celecoxib
D. All of the above are used to treat stomach ulcers
C. Celecoxib
Which of the following is used to alleviate diarrhea but is an opiod receptor agonist?
A. Docusate
B. Omeprazole
C. Celebrex
D. Loperamide
D. Loperamide
Loperamide does NOT cross blood brain barrier (BBB)
note: the FDA posted a warning letter about Loperamide causing serious heart problems in people who intentionally abuse loperamide for it opiod effects
Which of the following is a stool softener used to treat constipation?
A. Docusate
B. Omeprazole
C. Celebrex
D. Loperamide
A. Docusate
Docusate = treats constipation
Loperamide = treats diarrhea
Which of the following is a purgative used to induce defecation (shitting)?
A. Lactulose, MG(OH)2
B. Methylcellulose
C. Docusate
D. Bisacodyl
D. Bisacodyl
All of the following are laxatives EXCEPT:
A. Lactulose
B. Docusate
C. Mg(OH)2
D. Methylcellulose
B. Docusate
All of the following are used to inhibit emesis (vomiting) EXCEPT:
A. Scopolamine
B. Ondansteron
C. Ipecac
D. Dronabinol
C. Ipecac
Ipecac = stimulates emesis (vomiting)
Scopolamine (antimuscarininc “motion sickness”), Ondansteron (zofran) and Dronabinol (cannabinoid) are used to inhibit emesis (vomiting)
Which of the following is an antimuscarinic used to treat motion sickness?
A. Scopolamine
B. Ondansteron
C. Ipecac
D. Dronabinol
A. Scopolamine
Scopolamine = antimuscarinic
Ondansteron = 5-HT3 receptor antagonist
Ipecac = stimulates vomiting
Dronabinol = cannaboid
Which of the following is a cannabinoid used to stop you from feeling like vomiting?
A. Scopolamine
B. Ondansteron
C. Ipecac
D. Dronabinol
D. Dronabinol
Which of the following is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used to reduce nausea and vomiting?
A. Scopolamine
B. Ondansteron
C. Ipecac
D. Dronabinol
B. Ondansteron (Zofran)
