Pharmacology For The DC Part 2 Flashcards
Analgesics can be classified as
Opioid
Non-opiod
An opiate (derived from the unripe seed of the opium poppy plant
Narcotics
Analgesia
Reduce pain
Cause drowsiness
Sedation
Feelings of well-being or feelings of restlessness
Euphoria and Dysphoria
Reduce cough reflex
Increase mental cloudiness
High incidence of constipation
Nausea
Effects of narcotics
Narcotic effects
Analgesia
Sedation
Euphoria and Dysphoria
An analgesic that is an opioid
No set dose
Narcotic analgesics
Dose varies with
Amount of pain
Pt’s age
Pt’s weight
The standard against which all other narcotics are measured
Morphine
Taken orally, IV, IM, suppository
Morphine
Morphine aka
Contin
Kadian
Avinza
Used for severe and chronic pain, pre-op sedation
Morphine
Drug of choice for MI pain
Morphine
If administered IV, 3-6 times more potent
Morphine
Slows intestinal peristalsis
Morphine
Causes blood vessels to dilate (especially in the head and neck)
Morphine
Suppresses cough center
Morphine
Morphine side effects
Cough suppression Hypotenstion Nausea Vomiting Overdose will stop breathing - death
Synthetic opiate
More potent than morphine
Intranasally for migraine headache
Butorphanol (stadol)
Used during labor and pre-surgery
Butorphaol (stadol)
Primarily used as an antitussive or anti diarrheal
Codeine
Patches are used for chornic pain managment
Fentanyl
Patches
Duragesic
Buccal fentanyl
Used for cancer pain
Lozenges (actiq) also available fentanyl taken through
Bucally
Top selling drug in US in 2010
Hydrocodone (vicodin, lortab)
Derived from 2 naturally occurring opiates
Hydrocodone
Hydrocodone
Vicodin
Lortab
Most abused perscription
Hydrocodone/vicodin/lortab
Physically and psychologically addictive
Hydrocodone
When vicodin is taken over a lengthy period of time, you can build up a toleraence which means you have to take increasingly larger amounts to achieve
The same effect
Early symptoms of vicodin withdrawal
Agitation Anxiety Muscle aches Increased tearing Insomnia Runny nose Sweating Yawning
Becoming more popular in treating chronic pain
Preferred over morphine because of it’s speed of onset
Patients experience less nausea and vomiting
Hydromorphone (dilaudid)
Meperdine (demerol)
Used short term only
Controls mild to moderate pain
Mental and physical addiction to __ can develop if it is used for long periods of time. Extended use can create a tolerance
Demerol
Individuals who have an addiction to demerol frequently:
Request demerol specifically when at the doctor
Purchase from non-nmedical sources
Forge prescriptions
Create contacts with multiple medical doctors and dentists
Frequent the ER in hops of receiving a prescription of demerol
Relieves mild to severe pain
Causes CNS depression which impedes mental abilities but causes euphoria
Schedule II drug
Oxycodone (OxyContin)
The more you take the better you feel
Oxycontin
Oxycodone abuse
Dangerously addicitve
Addicts chew, snort or inject
Non-opiod analgesics
Many available OTC
Pharm tech must be informed of these drugs
Given for mild to moderate pain, fever and inflammation
NSAIDs
Actions are analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antipyretic
NSAIDs
No cure has been found for
Rhematic diseases
