Pharmacology For The DC Part 1 Flashcards
A painful injection Relief from pain A handful of capsules A big payment at the drug store A street corner exchange
Drug images that get brought up in mind
Drugs that affect the body in similar ways are listed in the same ____ ; I.e. laxatives, antihistamines
Classification
Drugs in a classification have 5 characteristics
Therapeutic uses Side effects Precautions Contraindications Interactions with other drugs
Historically ___ controlled medical treatment (remedies)
Religious leaders
Religious leaders knew healing power of
Natural substances
Concept of drugs came about in early Greek records (pharmakon) meaning
Magic spell, remedy, or poison
Clay tablets from Babylonia, from the 18th century list more than ___ medicinal remedies
500
Hippocrates favored
Education and began dissection
During the 18th century, some immigrants to the colonies were
Apothecaries (pharmacists)
Pharmacopoeia of the US in 1820
First official listing of drugs in US
After civil war (1865) boundaries were established between
Physicians and pharmacists
At the time of civil war ______ were the most common drugs adn available everywhere
Morphine
Opium
Cocaine
1923 - banting-insulin extracted from
Pancreas to treat diabetes
1925 - domagk
Sulfa drug
1935 - fleming
Penicillin
Required truth in labeling
Could not make false claims
Food and drug act of 1906
Narcotic drug act of 1914 aka
Harrison narcotic act
Taxed the production, importation and distribution of narcotics
Narcotic drug act of 1914
1970
Comprehensive drug abuse prevent and control act
This act categorized controlled substances according to a schedule based on potential for abuse
Comprehensive drug abuse prevent and control act
Concepts about drugs
Drug action
Drug effect
Drugs work by
A variety of chemical actions
Drugs can be used to maintain or restore
Homeostasis
Drugs act like chemical messengers to perform their specific actions in the body by
Binding with receptors in cells
Drugs can exert ___ actions in the body
Powerful and specific actions
Pharacokinetics
ADME Absorption Distribution Metabolism Elimination
Drugs come from
Plants
Animals
Minerals
Chemicals
Plants
Morphine from opium poppy
Animals
Thyroid
Minerals
Silver nitrate
Chemicals
Aspirin
Plants have been used for centuries as
Natural remedies
Pharma companies harvest these plants and manufacture
Drugs
Digitalis (treats CHF) is made from
Leaves of foxglove plant
Animal and human hormones are reclaimed and given to patients to maintain
Homeostasis
Permarin is a drug that contains estrogen from
Mare
Premarin manages
Menopausal symptoms
Part of US department of health and human services; controls all drugs for legal use
Food and drug administration (FDA)
Part of the federal bureau of investigation (FBI) enforces controlled substance laws
Drug enforcement administration (DEA)
Drug names
Chemical
Generic
Brand/trade
Identifies chemical elements and compounds found in the drug
Important to chemists and pharmacists
Chemical name
N-acetyl-p-aminophenol
Chemical name
Universally accepted name and considered the official proprietary name
Generic name
Listed on labels and in PDR
Generic name
Acetaminophen
Generic name
Copyrighted name
Many brand names may exist for the same drug
Brand/trade name
Tylenol
Brand/trade name
OTCs
No Rx
Change ingredients or dosages
