Loose Ends Flashcards
A collection of synovial fluid usually made in response to meniscal pathology or joint degeneration.
Palpable on the posterior aspect of the knee and also known as a popliteal cyst
Baker’s cyst
Commonly referred to as patellofemoral pain syndrome.
Softening or degeneration of the cartilage on the undersurface of the patellofemoral joint.
Patient presents with prepatellar pain upon arising from a chair or climbing steps
Chondromalacia patella
A clcification at or adjacent to the insertion of the MCL on the medial femoral condyle indicative of a chronic MCL injury
Pellegrini-stieda sign
Jumper’s knee
Common to sports that require jumping like basketball
Patellar tendonitis
An inflammation of the prepatellar bursa.
Aka prepatellar bursitis.
Common in sports that require kneeling like wrestling or professions like housekeeping or construction.
Housemaid’s knee
A painless but progressive flexion contracture of the fingers caused by diseased palmar fascia
Commonly starts with ring and little finger but can involve entier hand. Has a hereditary component and is seen more commonly in men of northern european descent. It’s gene has been mapped.
Dupuytren’s contracture
A congenital anomaly characterized by absence of the central rays (2 3 and/or 4th)
Also called a lobster claw or ectrodactyly.
Patients often have similar deformities of the feet
Cleft hand
A congenital enlargement of a digit due to a localized deregulation of growth. The index finger is the most commonly involved
Macrodactyly
Digit duplication. Can be any finger
Polydactyly
A congenital anomaly of conjoined fingers.
More than half of cases involve the middle and ring fingers.
Syndactyly
An infection inside the fingertip on the palm side.
Usually due to a bacterial infection (staph)
Important to get treatment quickly as blood vessels can be compromised causing permanent damage.
Also, infection can spread to bone
Felon
A benign cyst formed by the synovium filled with fluid
They most commonly develop along tendons or joints in wrists or hands.
60-70% are at the scapholunate ligament
Ganglion
A lateral deviation if the first proximal phalanx on the first metatarsal. Common name is bunion
Small bunion called bunionette or tailor’s bunion
Hallux valgus
A degenerative arthritis disease of the first MTP joint
Hallux rigidus
Toe deformitis
Hammar toe
Mallet toe
Claw toe
A thickening of a common digital nerve at the webspace of the foot.
4:1 female to male
Etiology unknown
Most common between 3rd and 4th
Morton’s neuroma
An injury to the capsule surrounding the 1st MTP joint.
Usually caused by hyperextension with an axial load applied to the plantar flexed foot
Turf toe
Collapse of the medial longitudinal arch of the foot
Flat foot/pes planus
Flat foot/pes planus 3 types
Flexible foot
Flexible/supple flatfoot with shortened or tight achilles tendon
Rigid flatfoot
Flexible flatfoot
Universally seen in most children
Affects both feet, is painless and does not cause any disability
Pes planus
Flexible/supple flatfoot with a shortened or tight achilles tendon
Usually affects both feet and causes disability and pain
Pes planus
Rigid flatfoot
Least common
Often found with complications of tarsal bones
50% of patients have bilateral involvement
Pes planus
Increased tissue pressure due to swelling, edema or bleeding within an enclosed anatomic space surrounded by the semi-rigid fascia of a muscular compartment
This increase in pressure leads to venous obstruction and collapse thereby reducing blood flow thorugh teh capillary network
Compartment syndrome
