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Pharmacology 218 > Pharmacology Exam 1 Drug List > Flashcards

Pharmacology Exam 1 Drug List Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of PHENYLEPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)

A

TC: Nasal decongestant PC: Adrenergic (sympathomimetics)

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2
Q

Action/use of PHENYLPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)

A

Specifically an alpha-adrenergic agonist (fight or flight stimulation)Nasal decongestant Maintains a good BP

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3
Q

Side/adverse affects of PHENYLPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)

A

Intranasal use can cause burning of the mucosa and rebound nasal congestion if used for long periods of timeHigh doses can elevate BP causing bradycardia (slows heart rate down)Also maybe anxiety, restlessness, and tremorsBLACKBOX: no IV use

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4
Q

Classification of EPINEPHRINE

A

TC: Anti-allergy and cardiac stimulationPC: Pure Adrenergic

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5
Q

Action/use of EPINEPHRINE

A

Specifically stimulates alpha receptors (fight or flight stimulation)Used for cardiac arrest, asthma, allergry reactions such as anaphylaxis in which you would need an epi-pen

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6
Q

Side/adverse affects of EPINEPHRINE

A

Rapid heart rateIncreased blood pressureOverdose can cause a heart attack

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7
Q

Classification of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)

A

TC: Antihypertensive (lowers BP)PC: Adrenergic blocker

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8
Q

Action/use of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)

A

Selectively an alpha1 adrenergic anatagonistBlocks norepinephrine at its receptorsReduces blood pressure so can be used to treat hypertensionCommonly used in combination with beta blockers or diurectics

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9
Q

Side/adverse effects of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)

A

Like other alpha blockers, tends to cause orthostatic hypotension which is a large drop in BP, so it should be given before bed and the first dose should be very low

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10
Q

Classification of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)

A

TC: Nonobstructive urinary retention agentPC: Cholinergic agonist

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11
Q

Action/use of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)

A

Parasympathomimetic that causes parasympathetic stimulation Stimulates smooth muscle contractions to clear digestive and urinary tracts, as well as treating nonobstructive urinary retention

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12
Q

Side/adverse effects of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)

A

Increased salvation, sweating, abdominal cramping, hypotension leading to fainting, belching, diarrhea, diaphoresis (stay close to the bathroom)*Pts with asthma, epilepsy, parkinsons should not use

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13
Q

Classification of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)

A

TC: Antidote for atropine-induced delirium PC: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (so parasympathetic actions will occur)

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14
Q

Action/use of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)

A

Parasympathetic that stops the destruction of acetylcholine

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15
Q

Side/adverse effects of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)

A

Bradycardia, asytole, restlessness, nervousness, seizures, salivation, urinary frequently, muscle twitching, respiratory paralysis

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16
Q

Classification of ATROPINE

A

TC: Antitode for anticholinesterase poisoning and suppresses abnormal heart rhythms PC: Cholinergic receptor blocker (induces sympathetic)

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17
Q

Action/use of ATROPINE

A

Blocks acetylcholine and induces fight or flight as well as raising heart rate

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18
Q

Side/adverse effects of ATROPINE

A

Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, increased heart rate, excitement may progress to delirium and even coma

19
Q

Classification of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)

A

TC: Antidepressant, anxiolytic (anti anxiety)PC: SSRI (selective seratonin reuptake inhibitors)

20
Q

Action/use of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)

A

Increases seratonin in the body (makes you happy) so used for depression

21
Q

Side/adverse effects of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)

A

Dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, insomnia, confusion, sweating, and seizures if you overdoseWhen you take 2 meds at night it can cause seratonin syndrome

22
Q

Classification of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)

A

TC: Sedative (hypnotic, anxiolytic, anesthetic adjunct)PC: Inhibits neurotransmitters, benzodiazepine

23
Q

Action/use of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)

A

Binds to GABA receptors and used for sleep, anxiety, and sedation

24
Q

Side/adverse effects of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)

A

Drowsiness, dizziness, sedation, blurred or double vision, nausea, vomiting

25
Q

Classification of ZOLPIDEM (Ambien)

A

TC: Sedative hypnotic PC: Non benzodiazepine

26
Q

Action/use of ZOLPIDEM (Ambien)

A

Acts of GABA receptor as well, treats short term insomnia

27
Q

Side/adverse effects of ZOLPIDEM (Ambien)

A

Daytime sedation, confusion, dizziness, vomiting, clumsy, unsteady when walkingSchedule IV (may cause dependence)

28
Q

Classification of LIDOCAINE

A

TC: anesthetic, antidysrhythmic (IV route)PC: sodium channel blocker, amide

29
Q

Action/use of LIDOCAINE

A

Blocks pain impulseMost commonly injected locallyBlocks sodium channels**SIDE EFFECTS ARE UNCOMMON

30
Q

Classification of NITROUS OXIDE

A

TC: General anesthetic that works as a sedativePC: Inhalation of a gaseous drug

31
Q

Action/use of NITROUS OXIDE

A

Suppresses pain in the CNS Common in dental procedures and surgeries

32
Q

Side/adverse effects of NITROUS OXIDE

A

Adverse signs of stage 2 (start to get restless/moaning/groaning)

33
Q

Classification of MIDAZOLAM (Versed)

A

TC: sedative hypnotic antianxietyPC: schedule IV (may cause dependence) benzodiazepine

34
Q

Action/use of MIDAZOLAM (Versed)

A

Enhances GABAAnxiolytic, amnesia, sedation

35
Q

Side/adverse effects of MIDAZOLAM (Versed)

A

Slows respiratory rate*Black box warning for respiratory depression

36
Q

Classification of FENTANYL (Sublimaze)

A

TC: AnalgesicPC: Opioid

37
Q

Action/use of FENTANYL (Sublimaze)

A

Binds to opioid receptor and inhibits pain pathways

38
Q

Side/adverse effects of FENTANYL (Sublimaze)

A

Drowsiness, nausea, vomiting

39
Q

Classification of PROPOFOL (Diprivan)

A

TC: General anestheticPC: Rapid acting, general anesthesia

40
Q

Action/use of PROPOFOL (Diprivan)

A

Used for conscious sedation, inhibits sympathetic nerve activity

41
Q

Side/adverse effects of PROPOFOL (Diprivan)

A

Pain at the injection site, low BP, slow respirations

42
Q

Classifications of SUCCINYLCHOLINE (Anectine)

A

TC: Nueromuscular blocker, skeletal muscle paralytic drugPC: Acetylcholine receptor blocker, depolarizing blocker

43
Q

Action/use of SUCCINYLCHOLINE (Anectine)

A

Acts on cholinergic receptor sitesBlocks acetylcholine and causes muscle weakness

44
Q

Side/adverse effects of SUCCINYLCHOLINE (Anectine)

A

Can cause paralysisHypotensionUrinary retention

Pharmacology 218 (13 decks)

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