Pharmacology Exam 1 Drug List Flashcards
Classification of PHENYLEPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)
TC: Nasal decongestant PC: Adrenergic (sympathomimetics)
Action/use of PHENYLPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)
Specifically an alpha-adrenergic agonist (fight or flight stimulation)Nasal decongestant Maintains a good BP
Side/adverse affects of PHENYLPHRINE (Neo-Synephrine)
Intranasal use can cause burning of the mucosa and rebound nasal congestion if used for long periods of timeHigh doses can elevate BP causing bradycardia (slows heart rate down)Also maybe anxiety, restlessness, and tremorsBLACKBOX: no IV use
Classification of EPINEPHRINE
TC: Anti-allergy and cardiac stimulationPC: Pure Adrenergic
Action/use of EPINEPHRINE
Specifically stimulates alpha receptors (fight or flight stimulation)Used for cardiac arrest, asthma, allergry reactions such as anaphylaxis in which you would need an epi-pen
Side/adverse affects of EPINEPHRINE
Rapid heart rateIncreased blood pressureOverdose can cause a heart attack
Classification of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)
TC: Antihypertensive (lowers BP)PC: Adrenergic blocker
Action/use of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)
Selectively an alpha1 adrenergic anatagonistBlocks norepinephrine at its receptorsReduces blood pressure so can be used to treat hypertensionCommonly used in combination with beta blockers or diurectics
Side/adverse effects of PRAZOSIN (Minipress)
Like other alpha blockers, tends to cause orthostatic hypotension which is a large drop in BP, so it should be given before bed and the first dose should be very low
Classification of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)
TC: Nonobstructive urinary retention agentPC: Cholinergic agonist
Action/use of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)
Parasympathomimetic that causes parasympathetic stimulation Stimulates smooth muscle contractions to clear digestive and urinary tracts, as well as treating nonobstructive urinary retention
Side/adverse effects of BETHANECHOL (Urecholine)
Increased salvation, sweating, abdominal cramping, hypotension leading to fainting, belching, diarrhea, diaphoresis (stay close to the bathroom)*Pts with asthma, epilepsy, parkinsons should not use
Classification of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)
TC: Antidote for atropine-induced delirium PC: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (so parasympathetic actions will occur)
Action/use of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)
Parasympathetic that stops the destruction of acetylcholine
Side/adverse effects of PHYSOSTIGMINE (Antilirium)
Bradycardia, asytole, restlessness, nervousness, seizures, salivation, urinary frequently, muscle twitching, respiratory paralysis
Classification of ATROPINE
TC: Antitode for anticholinesterase poisoning and suppresses abnormal heart rhythms PC: Cholinergic receptor blocker (induces sympathetic)
Action/use of ATROPINE
Blocks acetylcholine and induces fight or flight as well as raising heart rate
Side/adverse effects of ATROPINE
Dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, increased heart rate, excitement may progress to delirium and even coma
Classification of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)
TC: Antidepressant, anxiolytic (anti anxiety)PC: SSRI (selective seratonin reuptake inhibitors)
Action/use of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)
Increases seratonin in the body (makes you happy) so used for depression
Side/adverse effects of ESCITALOPRAM OXALATE (Lexapro)
Dizziness, nausea, dry mouth, insomnia, confusion, sweating, and seizures if you overdoseWhen you take 2 meds at night it can cause seratonin syndrome
Classification of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)
TC: Sedative (hypnotic, anxiolytic, anesthetic adjunct)PC: Inhibits neurotransmitters, benzodiazepine
Action/use of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)
Binds to GABA receptors and used for sleep, anxiety, and sedation
Side/adverse effects of LORAZEPAM (Ativan)
Drowsiness, dizziness, sedation, blurred or double vision, nausea, vomiting
