Pharmacology Flashcards
what are arthritic drugs?
NSAIDs, DMARDs, Biologics, Corticosteroids
name examples of NSAIDs
ibuprofen, naproxen, diclofenac, cox-2 inhibitors
what are the mode of action for NSAIDs
anti-inflammatory- block inflammatory pathways
what are NSAIDs used for in MSK?
inflammatory arthritis
common GI NSAID side effects
dyspepsia, oesophagitis, gastritis, peptic ulcer
what are common DMARDs
methotrexate, sulfasalzine, leflunomide, hydroxychloroquine
what is the difference between DMARDs/ NSAIDs
DMARDs are slow acting anti inflammatories
____ is a foliate antagonist?
methotrexate
what are DMARDs used for?
inflammatory arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, connective tissue disease, vasculitis
which DMARD is typically used for SLE?
HCQ (hydroxychloroquine)
what is the main contraindication for DMARDs?
teratogenic- must be stopped 3 months pre-conception
T/F: DMARDs have small effect on leucocytes and RBCs
F: they cause leukopenia and thrombocytopenia
sulfasalize is contraindicated in men with…
fertility issues as causes oligozoospermia
what are examples of ‘biologics’?
rituximab, infliximab
how do biologics work?
target specific aspects of immune system
e.g. rituximab- monoclonal AB against B-cells
what are biologics used for?
RA, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis
- usually a 2nd line or adjunct
when should biologics Rx be stopped in pregnancy?
3rd trimester
when are biologics considered for tx?
when DMARDs fail and high disease activity
what is the main example of corticosteroids?
prednisolone
how do corticosteroids work?
block the synthesis of inflammatory proteins through suppression of genes that encode them
what are corticosteroids used for
connective tissue disease, polymyalgia, GCA, vasculitis, RA
main side effects of corticosteroids?
wt gain, skin atrophy, muscle wasting, osteoporosis
what should be prescribed along with potent steroids?
steroid-sparing agents
what are two drug groups used for metabolic bone disease e.g. osteoporosis?
bisphosphonates and zoledronic acid
