O: Metabolic Bone Disease Flashcards
what are the metabolic bone diseases?
osteoporosis, osteomalacia, Paget’s disease
what is osteoporosis?
localised dec of bone mass
types of osteoporosis?
osteopenia, osteoporosis
1y osteoporosis caused by…
idiopathic
2y osteoporosis?
endocrine disorders, GI, drugs
aetiology for osteoporosis
age, physical activity, genetic, Ca deficiency, hormonal effects, endocrine, coeliac
why are middle aged women more at risk of developing osteoporosis?
menopause
what are endocrine causes of osteoporosis
Cushing’s, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism
why would coeliac’s be a risk factor for osteoporosis
malabsorption of Ca
main drug that predisposes to osteoporosis
corticosteroids
why do corticosteroids cause osteoporosis
reduce osteoclast activity and reduce Ca absorption= red bone mass
how does age cause osteoporosis
reduced proliferation. biosynthetic ability of osteoblasts
what is diagnostic of osteoporosis
< -2.5 SD below peak bone mass
what is dexa bone scan result for osteopenia dx??
-1 to -2.5
lifestyle mx of osteoporosis
strength training- weight bearing exercises
700mg of Ca (1000 for post-menopausal women)
Rx mx for osteoporosis?
Ca and VitD supplements, bisphosphonates, teriparatide (PTH), SERMs
what are SERMs?
selective oestrogen agonists/ antagonists
main osteoporosis complication?
multiple fractures
hyperparathyroidism is a risk factor for?
osteoporosis & Brown tumours
what are Brown tumours?
haemorrhages causing inflammatory cell activation and can become cystic
ix for hyperparathyroidism?
Ca levels, alk phos, PTH
what is the name for osteomalacia in kids?
rickets
what is osteomalacia?
marked softening of bones
aetiology of osteomalacia?
severe VitD deficiency
